Elastic deformation

The arrangement in Fig. 1.1 is set up to measure how far a spring extends. Fig. 1.1 shows a spring hanging from a support, a mass fixed to its lower end and a vertical scale beside it. The diagram labels: spring, mass, scale.

May/June 2015

A student suspends a range of masses from the free end of a spring and measures the extension that results. Fig. 2.1 shows the spring hanging vertically by itself, and then again with an unknown mass X attached at one end.

May/June 2016

A student has three springs, A, B and C. He measures the length of each spring in turn while different weights are hung from the end of each one. The results are listed in Fig. 3.1.

May/June 2016

The graph illustrates how the extension of a piece of copper wire changes as the load applied to it increases. What information is presented by the graph?

May/June 2017

The graph illustrates how the extension of a length of copper wire changes as the load on it increases. What information does the graph give?

May/June 2017

The diagram presents a load-extension graph for a wire. Which point marks the limit of proportionality?

May/June 2017

The graph illustrates extension-load curves for four fibres. Which fibre is hardest to stretch across the range of loads shown?

May/June 2018

The graph plots extension-load curves for four fibres. Across the range of loads shown, which fibre is the most difficult to stretch?

May/June 2018

In this experiment, a student records measurements and finds the extension of a spring for a range of loads. The arrangement is shown in Fig. 2.1. The results are given in the table in Fig. 2.2.

May/June 2018

A student has two identical springs. He hangs them from a thin metal bar that is kept in a horizontal position between two stands.

May/June 2018

The diagram presents a graph of load versus extension for a material. At which point is the limit of proportionality?

May/June 2019

A metal wire contains a radioactive isotope of the metal. The diagram shows masses hanging from the wire’s end. The masses are then taken off the wire. Which property will alter?

May/June 2019

An athlete pulls a large spring to build up the strength in his arms. As shown in Fig. 3.1, he stretches the spring and then lets it go gently. He repeats this stretching and releasing action several times over a period of $60\,\text{s}$.

May/June 2019

At what point on the graph does an elastic solid reach the limit of proportionality?

May/June 2021

At what point on the graph is the limit of proportionality of an elastic solid?

May/June 2021

A spring is suspended with a weight of $2.0\,\text{N}$ attached, and this causes an extension of $6.0\,\text{cm}$. The $2.0\,\text{N}$ weight is then taken away, and an $8.0\,\text{N}$ weight is hung from the spring instead. The spring does not go beyond its limit of proportionality. What is the spring's new extension?

May/June 2021

The natural length of an elastic spring is $30\,\text{cm}$. When a load of $6.0\,\text{N}$ is attached to the spring, its length becomes $66\,\text{cm}$. That $6.0\,\text{N}$ load is then taken off, and the spring goes back to its original length. A load of $2.0\,\text{N}$ is now attached to the spring. What is the spring’s new length?

May/June 2022

The graph illustrates the relationship between the force applied and the extension of a spring. Which point shows the limit of proportionality?

May/June 2022

A variable force stretches a spring to several different lengths. The graph shows how the force magnitude changes with the length by which the spring is stretched. What is the spring constant $k$ of the spring?

May/June 2023

A load-extension graph for a spring is displayed. Which point marks the limit of proportionality for the spring, and what is the spring constant of the spring equal to?

May/June 2023

A spring of natural length $15.0\,\text{cm}$ extends by $4.0\,\text{cm}$ when a mass weighing $6.0\,\text{N}$ is hung from it. The spring does not go beyond the limit of proportionality. What is the full length of the spring when the suspended mass has a weight of $3.0\,\text{N}$?

May/June 2024

The graph illustrates how the extension of four different threads varies with the load applied. Which thread is hardest to stretch across the range of loads shown?

May/June 2024

The diagram displays the load-extension graph for a spring. What is the name given to point $X$ on the graph?

May/June 2025

The diagram illustrates a graph of load plotted against extension for a material. At which point does the limit of proportionality occur?

May/June 2025

A student is examining how far a spring stretches. The student hangs the spring from the clamp on a retort stand, as illustrated in Fig. 3.1.

May/June 2025

A group of students plan to use a spring to construct a spring balance with a linear scale. The graph shows how the spring’s extension varies as the load on it changes. What is the full range of a balance with a linear scale that uses this spring?

Oct/Nov 2015

The surface of a running track is rubber. A heavy trolley is pulled onto the track and a large force acts on the rubber. State two effects that this force has on the rubber.

Oct/Nov 2015

A spring is removed from a drawer in a physics laboratory.

Oct/Nov 2016

A metal wire hangs from a support, and loads with different masses are hung from its lower end. The table shows how the extension of the wire changes with the mass of the load. Between which values of mass does the limit of proportionality lie?

Oct/Nov 2017

When a force acts on a solid object, it can accelerate, causing its velocity to change.

Oct/Nov 2017

A tennis ball is squeezed. Work is done, so energy is transferred to the air molecules inside the ball and also to the rubber that the ball is made from. Which row is correct?

Oct/Nov 2018

A student uses the apparatus shown in Fig. 3.1 to produce an extension-load graph for a spring. The loads have known weights. The student hangs increasing loads from the spring and measures the extensions obtained. Fig. 3.2 shows the graph produced. The spring reaches its limit of proportionality at a load of $7.0\,\text{N}$.

Oct/Nov 2018

A load L is supported by two springs connected in parallel. Each spring stretches by $x$. The springs are then reconfigured so that they hang in a vertical line, one beneath the other. In this new setup, what is the combined extension of the two springs?

Oct/Nov 2019

A load $L$ is supported by two springs connected in parallel. Each spring has an extension of $x$. The springs are then set up one beneath the other in a vertical line. With this new arrangement, what is the combined extension of the two springs?

Oct/Nov 2019

Fig. 8.1 depicts an elastic rope (bungee). Its unstretched length is $0.80\,\text{m}$. A student fastens the hook at one end to a shelf and suspends an empty paint can of mass $0.70\,\text{kg}$ from the other end. The rope extends to $0.97\,\text{m}$, but it does not pass its limit of proportionality.

Oct/Nov 2019

In a laboratory, a student explores how the spring length $l$ changes when different loads $L$ are placed on it. He arranges a spring in a clamp with a load of $1.0\,\text{N}$ hanging from its lower end, as shown in Fig. 1.1.

Oct/Nov 2019

An extension-load graph is drawn for a spring. Which point shows the limit of proportionality for this spring?

Oct/Nov 2020

An extension-load graph is drawn for a spring. Which point shows the limit of proportionality for this spring?

Oct/Nov 2020

The extension of a spring is measured for a range of loads. The limit of proportionality is not reached. Which graph shows the extension-load graph for the spring?

Oct/Nov 2021

A metal wire is stretched by a force $F$ until it reaches the limit of proportionality. Which statement describes what occurs when $F$ is increased slightly?

Oct/Nov 2021

The graph illustrates how a spring’s extension varies with the masses hung from it on planet X and on planet Y. What conclusion can be drawn from these graphs?

Oct/Nov 2022

Fig. 1.1 illustrates a steel spring.

Oct/Nov 2022

The diagram illustrates the way the length of a spring alters when a load of $10\,\text{N}$ is hung from it. The $10\,\text{N}$ load is then changed to a $20\,\text{N}$ load. What is the spring's new length?

Oct/Nov 2023

A spring measures $9.0\,\text{cm}$ in length when a $200\,\text{g}$ mass is attached to it. The graph of extension against mass for the spring is given. The $200\,\text{g}$ mass is changed to a $100\,\text{g}$ mass. What would the spring’s new length be?

Oct/Nov 2023

A student carries out an investigation into the factors that influence the bend angle $\theta$ of a metal strip. The student puts a thin, straight metal strip on two supports and hangs a mass with weight $W$ from the strip’s midpoint. The strip bends, as shown in Fig. 4.1.

Oct/Nov 2023

A student determines the spring constant $k$ of a spring by two separate methods. The spring constant $k$ of a spring indicates how stiff the spring is. The greater the spring constant $k$, the harder the spring is to extend. A full-size drawing of the spring appears in Fig. 1.1. The setup of apparatus is shown in Fig. 1.2.

Oct/Nov 2023

The extension of a spring is recorded as the load causing the stretch is raised. The graph shows the results. Which point marks the spring’s limit of proportionality?

Oct/Nov 2024

The table gives the relationship between a spring’s extension and the load applied. Between which two loads is the limit of proportionality?

Oct/Nov 2025

The load-extension graph for a spring is shown. What does point X indicate?

Oct/Nov 2025