Oct/Nov 2025

This question concerns Sir Syed Ahmad Khan. Carefully study the sources (Insert), then answer the questions that follow.

Climate

Describe the events of the Battle of Plassey in 1757.

Location of administrative areas and cities

Describe the results of the Simla Conference in 1945.

Mineral resources

Describe the provisions of the 1956 Constitution.

Non-renewables

Describe the meeting that took place between President Zia-ul-Haq and Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi in February 1987.

Benazir Bhutto, Nawaz Sharif and Musharraf 1988–99

Fig. 1.1 presents a map of selected rivers in southern and western Pakistan. Text shown on the map/key: River Dasht, River Indus, Arabian Sea, Afghanistan, Iran, India, Balochistan, Sindh, Punjab, KPK (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa). Key: river; international boundary; province-level boundary; KPK = Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Fig. 1.2 shows a bar graph of the amount of fish caught in different provinces in Pakistan in 2019. Key: inland fish caught; marine fish caught.

Fish

Fig. 2.2 is an illustration of the stages involved in crop production. One stage labelled is 'irrigating'. Words supplied: harvesting, ploughing, sowing, threshing. Fig. 2.3 is a bar graph giving data on the number of livestock reared in different provinces in Pakistan. Livestock categories: cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats. Provinces in key: Punjab, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Sindh, Balochistan.

Factors affecting production

Fig. 3.1 (Insert) shows a map of average January temperatures in southern and western Pakistan. Fig. 3.2 is a pie chart of the principal renewable-energy sources used to produce electricity in Pakistan in 2020. Key: hydel, wind, solar, biomass. Word box in part (c): electricity, gas, geothermal, population, sustainability, thermal.

Climate

Fig. 4.1 (Insert) shows a photograph of a brick production site in Pakistan. Fig. 4.2 (Insert) shows a map of an industrial estate in an urban area of Pakistan.

Secondary and tertiary industries

Fig. 5.1 shows the road network map for southern and western Pakistan. Key: major road, city, international boundary. Labels Y and Z shown. Fig. 5.2 shows a graph of mobile phone subscriptions in Pakistan.

Telecommunications