Antibiotics

Which illnesses can be treated and cured using antibiotics?

May/June 2015

Which illnesses can be cured using antibiotics?

May/June 2015

In which location is penicillin produced?

May/June 2016

Which one of these diseases can antibiotics treat effectively?

May/June 2017

The diagram shows an experiment arranged to compare the effectiveness of different antibiotics against a species of bacterium. In this experiment, which conditions need to be kept constant?

May/June 2017

Antibiotics, such as penicillin, are manufactured on a large scale in fermenters. Which substance is not required for the production of penicillin in this way?

May/June 2018

Why are antibiotics unable to cure a person who has HIV infection?

May/June 2021

Describe the large-scale production of an antibiotic that is named and explain why each stage of the process is important.

May/June 2021

A patient is suffering from a bacterial infection. A bacterial sample is collected to determine which antibiotic should be used for this patient. The diagram displays the test results. The shaded region indicates the area in which bacteria have grown. Which antibiotic is most effective against these bacteria?

May/June 2022

The graph shows the mass of *Penicillium* grown in a fermenter alongside the mass of antibiotic produced. At what point is the *Penicillium* producing antibiotic at the fastest rate?

May/June 2022

What is one method by which the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria can be reduced?

May/June 2023

Which illness could be treated successfully using an antibiotic?

May/June 2023

Which diseases are treated effectively using antibiotics?

May/June 2024

Which disease may be treated with antibiotics?

May/June 2025

Staphylococcus aureus is a pathogen that infects humans. Antibodies and antibiotics can destroy it. Its cells are spherical and about $1\,\mu\text{m}$ in diameter. Fig. 3.1 shows an S. aureus cell.

May/June 2025

The graph illustrates the mass of Penicillium grown in a fermenter and the mass of antibiotic made. At what time is Penicillium producing antibiotic at the fastest rate?

Oct/Nov 2016

Which one of these is an antibiotic?

Oct/Nov 2016

The graph illustrates how four different antibiotics affect the growth of a bacterial population. Which statement is correct?

Oct/Nov 2018

What type of organism makes penicillin, and what kind of infection can penicillin be used to treat?

Oct/Nov 2019

What kind of organism makes penicillin, and what kind of infection can be treated with penicillin?

Oct/Nov 2019

For which illnesses can antibiotics be used as effective treatments?

Oct/Nov 2020

Which one of these diseases is treated effectively using antibiotics?

Oct/Nov 2020

Four discs, A, B, C and D, each of which contained a different antibiotic, were put onto agar gel in a Petri dish. The agar gel contained $E.\ coli$ bacteria. The Petri dish was then sealed and left to incubate for 24 hours at $35\,^\circ\text{C}$. The results are shown. Which antibiotic is the most effective?

Oct/Nov 2022

Medicines can be used to treat infections in the body. What are antibiotics used to treat?

Oct/Nov 2023

Antibiotics are effective against which kind of infection or disease?

Oct/Nov 2023

Bacteria may be cultivated on agar jelly inside a Petri dish. As they grow and multiply, the transparent agar jelly turns cloudy. Antibiotics can stop bacteria from growing. Circles of filter paper soaked in an antibiotic solution can be placed on the agar surface. If the region around a disc stays clear, the antibiotic has stopped the bacteria from growing. The larger the clear region, the more effective the antibiotic is. A student investigated the effect of distilled water (E) and four different antibiotics (F, G, H and J) on some bacteria using the method described. They prepared three identical Petri dishes and measured the diameter of the clear regions around the filter paper discs after a few days. No clear region was seen around disc E in any of the Petri dishes. Fig. 2.1 shows the results for Petri dish 3.

Oct/Nov 2023

Which disease can be treated effectively using antibiotics?

Oct/Nov 2024

What diseases can be cured using antibiotics?

Oct/Nov 2024

A doctor takes some bacteria from an infected patient. These bacteria are cultured in a Petri dish that contains nutrient agar jelly. The bacteria form a grey layer on the agar jelly. The doctor then places three paper discs, each with a different antibiotic, onto the dish. The diagram shows the Petri dish after 24 hours. What conclusion can the doctor draw from these results?

Oct/Nov 2025

What can lower the chance of bacteria developing resistance to antibiotics?

Oct/Nov 2025