Preparation of salts

A salt is prepared by reacting an excess of an insoluble metal oxide with an acid. How is the extra metal oxide separated from the mixture?

Feb/March 2016

A salt is prepared by adding an excess of an insoluble metal oxide to an acid. How is the extra metal oxide separated from the mixture?

Feb/March 2016

The diagram outlines the stages used to prepare a salt. Which salt is made by this method?

Feb/March 2017

The diagram illustrates the stages involved in preparing a salt. Which salt is made using this method?

Feb/March 2017

Which method is employed to prepare the salt copper(II) sulfate?

Feb/March 2018

Which method is used to prepare the salt copper(II) sulfate?

Feb/March 2018

The four stages for preparing an insoluble salt are shown below. 1 drying 2 filtration 3 precipitation 4 washing What is the correct sequence for carrying out these stages?

Feb/March 2019

The Contact process is used to produce sulfuric acid. The stages in the process are shown below. 1 Dissolve sulfur trioxide in 98% concentrated sulfuric acid. 2 Heat sulfur strongly in air. 3 Add oleum to water. 4 Pass sulfur dioxide over a vanadium(V) oxide catalyst. Which order of steps is correct?

Feb/March 2019

These substances may be combined to make salts. In which reactions can the surplus reactant be removed from the solution by filtration?

Feb/March 2020

The substances below may be combined to make salts. In which reactions may the excess reagent be removed from the solution through filtration?

Feb/March 2020

Which row gives the conditions employed in the production of sulfuric acid using the Contact process?

Feb/March 2020

A student aimed to produce some zinc chloride crystals and carried out the procedure below. step 1 Add excess zinc powder to dilute hydrochloric acid so aqueous zinc chloride is formed. step 2 Remove any unreacted zinc powder from the aqueous zinc chloride. step 3 Heat the solution until it becomes saturated. step 4 Let the saturated solution cool, then collect the crystals that appear.

Feb/March 2021

Copper(II) sulfate is made by adding sulfuric acid to excess copper(II) carbonate. Why is copper(II) carbonate added in excess?

Feb/March 2023

Copper(II) sulfate is made by reacting sulfuric acid with an excess of copper(II) carbonate. Why is copper(II) carbonate added in excess?

Feb/March 2023

Copper(II) sulfate crystals are blue. They are produced by adding an excess of copper(II) oxide to sulfuric acid. The mixture is heated while being stirred. It is then filtered, and the filtrate is left to evaporate, which forms blue crystals. Why is filtration required?

Feb/March 2024

Nitric acid is produced by the Ostwald process. The conditions for this process are: 1 a catalyst containing a transition element 2 a pressure of $10\,\text{atm}$ 3 a temperature of $800\,^\circ\text{C}$ Which of these conditions are also used in the Contact process?

Feb/March 2024

Which substance reacts with dilute sulfuric acid so that a salt is formed and can then be separated from the mixture by filtration?

Feb/March 2024

The diagram illustrates a method for preparing copper(II) sulfate crystals. What are the functions of step 3 and step 4?

May/June 2016

What is the correct order of steps used to prepare a pure sample of copper(II) sulfate crystals from copper(II) oxide and sulfuric acid?

May/June 2016

Salts may be prepared by reacting dilute hydrochloric acid with different substances. For which substance would any excess be impossible to remove by filtration?

May/June 2016

Which substance reacts with dilute sulfuric acid to produce a salt that can then be separated from the mixture by filtration?

May/June 2016

Silver chloride does not dissolve in water and is formed by precipitation. Which two substances could be used to prepare silver chloride?

May/June 2016

One stage in the production of sulfuric acid is the oxidation of sulfur dioxide to sulfur trioxide. Which conditions are used for this stage?

May/June 2016

Pure copper(II) sulfate crystals may be prepared by reacting copper(II) oxide with hot dilute sulfuric acid. Copper(II) oxide is added until it ....1..... The mixture is ....2..... and then ....3..... so that the pure crystals are obtained. Which words fill gaps 1, 2 and 3?

May/June 2017

A pure sample of the insoluble salt barium carbonate can be prepared by using the method below. step 1 Dissolve barium chloride in water. step 2 Separately dissolve sodium carbonate in water. step 3 Combine the two solutions. step 4 Filter the mixture. step 5 step 6 Dry the residue between two sheets of filter paper. What instruction should be inserted for step 5?

May/June 2017

Magnesium sulfate and lead(II) sulfate both count as examples of salts.

May/June 2017

Which procedures are appropriate for making both zinc sulfate and copper(II) sulfate?

May/June 2018

Which of these methods can be used to prepare both zinc sulfate and copper(II) sulfate?

May/June 2018

Which methods are appropriate for making both zinc sulfate and copper(II) sulfate?

May/June 2018

Which methods can be used to prepare both zinc sulfate and copper(II) sulfate?

May/June 2018

Which methods are appropriate for making both zinc sulfate and copper(II) sulfate?

May/June 2018

An excess of aqueous sodium sulfate was poured into aqueous barium chloride, and the resulting mixture was filtered. Which row identifies the residue and the substances found in the filtrate?

May/June 2018

Which methods are appropriate for making both zinc sulfate and copper(II) sulfate?

May/June 2018

All sodium salts dissolve in water. All nitrates dissolve in water. Barium carbonate is not soluble in water.

May/June 2018

How can crystals of a pure salt be obtained from dilute sulfuric acid?

May/June 2019

Copper(II) sulfate is formed when copper(II) carbonate reacts with dilute sulfuric acid. $\text{CuCO}_3 + \text{H}_2\text{SO}_4 \rightarrow \text{CuSO}_4 + \text{H}_2\text{O} + \text{CO}_2$. Pure copper(II) sulfate crystals are produced. Which reagent is present in excess and by what method are the crystals obtained?

May/June 2019

Which row identifies the conditions used in the Contact process?

May/June 2019

The question focuses on copper and copper compounds.

May/June 2019

This question concerns cobalt and cobalt compounds.

May/June 2019

This question concerns zinc and zinc compounds.

May/June 2019

Copper(II) sulfate crystals, $\text{CuSO}_4\cdot5\text{H}_2\text{O}$, are hydrated. Copper(II) sulfate crystals are produced when copper(II) carbonate reacts with dilute sulfuric acid. The overall equation is given below. $\text{CuCO}_3 + \text{H}_2\text{SO}_4 + 4\text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow \text{CuSO}_4\cdot5\text{H}_2\text{O} + \text{CO}_2$ step 1 Powdered solid copper(II) carbonate is put into 50.0 cm$^3$ of 0.05 mol/dm$^3$ sulfuric acid until copper(II) carbonate is left in excess. step 2 The surplus copper(II) carbonate is removed from the aqueous copper(II) sulfate. step 3 The aqueous copper(II) sulfate is heated until the solution becomes saturated. step 4 The solution is left to cool so that crystals form. step 5 The crystals are taken out and dried.

May/June 2019

Which salt-preparation methods are appropriate for copper(II) chloride?

May/June 2021

This question deals with salts.

May/June 2021

The question is about salts.

May/June 2021

The equation for the reaction between barium chloride and dilute sulfuric acid is given. $\text{BaCl}_2 + \text{H}_2\text{SO}_4 \rightarrow \text{BaSO}_4 + 2\text{HCl}$. Which row gives the state symbols for this equation?

May/June 2022

This question concerns copper and its compounds.

May/June 2022

A student prepares aqueous copper(II) chloride by adding excess copper(II) carbonate to dilute hydrochloric acid. What is the next step in the method for producing solid copper(II) chloride?

May/June 2023

When copper(II) carbonate reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid, copper(II) chloride is produced. What are the other substances produced in this reaction?

May/June 2023

Magnesium sulfate is a soluble solid that forms when insoluble magnesium oxide reacts with dilute sulfuric acid. Which method is used to obtain solid magnesium sulfate?

May/June 2023

What is the formula of the salt produced when calcium carbonate reacts with aqueous ethanoic acid?

May/June 2023

Three ways of making salts are shown here. 1 acid + metal 2 acid + metal carbonate 3 acid + metal oxide Which of these methods can be used to prepare copper(II) chloride?

May/June 2023

What products are formed when ethanoic acid reacts with aqueous sodium hydroxide?

May/June 2023

Which method is used to make the salt copper(II) carbonate?

May/June 2023

Lead(II) sulfate is an insoluble salt. Which reaction gives a mixture from which lead(II) sulfate can be separated by filtration?

May/June 2023

A titration method is used to make a pure soluble sulfate salt from dilute sulfuric acid. What other reagent is needed?

May/June 2024

Which chemical reaction generates carbon dioxide?

May/June 2024

Which process is not involved in the preparation of an insoluble salt?

May/June 2024

Which reactants are combined to produce the salt copper(II) sulfate?

May/June 2025

The apparatus shown is used in the preparation of aqueous copper(II) sulfate. Which substances are X and Y?

Oct/Nov 2016

The apparatus illustrated is used to make aqueous copper(II) sulfate. What are X and Y?

Oct/Nov 2016

The apparatus illustrated is used for the preparation of aqueous copper(II) sulfate. Identify X and Y.

Oct/Nov 2016

The apparatus in the diagram is employed to make aqueous copper(II) sulfate. What are X and Y?

Oct/Nov 2016

Some details about silver compounds are given in the table. Which equation represents a reaction that cannot be used to prepare a silver salt?

Oct/Nov 2016

The setup illustrated is used to make aqueous copper(II) sulfate. What are X and Y?

Oct/Nov 2016

Details of some silver compounds are listed in the table. Which equation represents a reaction that cannot be used to prepare a silver salt?

Oct/Nov 2016

The apparatus illustrated is used to make aqueous copper(II) sulfate. What are X and Y?

Oct/Nov 2016

The table gives information about several silver compounds. Which equation represents a reaction that cannot be used to prepare a silver salt?

Oct/Nov 2016

Methyl orange and methyl red are both dyes that can act as indicators.

Oct/Nov 2016

Copper(II) sulfate may be made by reacting sulfuric acid with an excess of copper(II) carbonate. Why is copper(II) carbonate added in excess?

Oct/Nov 2017

Three solids, P, Q and R, each react with dilute sulfuric acid to form zinc sulfate. Gaseous products are made when P and R react. The gas released from the reaction of P will not burn. The gas released from the reaction of R will burn. What are P, Q and R?

Oct/Nov 2017

Copper(II) sulfate is obtained by treating sulfuric acid with an excess of copper(II) carbonate. Why is the copper(II) carbonate used in excess?

Oct/Nov 2017

Three solids, P, Q and R, each react with dilute sulfuric acid to form zinc sulfate. P and R both give off gases during the reaction. The gas formed when P reacts is not flammable. The gas formed when R reacts is flammable. What are P, Q and R?

Oct/Nov 2017

These steps are carried out to make solid magnesium sulfate. 1. measuring $20~\text{cm}^3$ of dilute sulfuric acid with a measuring cylinder 2. adding an excess of solid magnesium carbonate to dilute sulfuric acid 3. filtration 4. evaporation In which sequence should these steps be carried out?

Oct/Nov 2018

On adding dilute sulfuric acid to solid X, a colourless solution is obtained and a gas is released. What is X?

Oct/Nov 2018

A student makes solid hydrated copper(II) sulfate using dilute sulfuric acid and the insoluble base copper(II) oxide. Which process is not carried out in the procedure?

Oct/Nov 2018

A few general rules about the solubility of salts in water are given below. Carbonates do not dissolve in water (apart from ammonium carbonate, potassium carbonate and sodium carbonate). Chlorides dissolve in water (apart from lead(II) chloride and silver chloride). Nitrates dissolve in water. Sulfates dissolve in water (apart from barium sulfate, calcium sulfate and lead(II) sulfate). Which substances will form an insoluble salt when their aqueous solutions are mixed together?

Oct/Nov 2018

Fill in the box with the name of the apparatus.

Oct/Nov 2018

Sulfur is a significant element.

Oct/Nov 2018

A procedure for making copper(II) sulfate crystals is illustrated.

Oct/Nov 2019

The diagram below shows a procedure for preparing copper(II) sulfate crystals. 1. Put dilute sulfuric acid into a beaker. 2. Heat the acid. 3. Add copper(II) oxide until some is left over. 4. Filter the mixture. 5. Evaporate the filtrate until crystals begin to appear. 6. Allow the filtrate to cool. What are the purposes of step 3 and step 4?

Oct/Nov 2019

A procedure for producing copper(II) sulfate crystals is illustrated below. 1. Put dilute sulfuric acid into a beaker. 2. Heat the acid. 3. Continue adding copper(II) oxide until some remains unreacted in excess. 4. Filter the mixture. 5. Evaporate the filtrate until crystals begin to appear. 6. Allow the filtrate to cool. What are the purposes of step 3 and step 4?

Oct/Nov 2019

A procedure for preparing copper(II) sulfate crystals is illustrated. What are the purposes of step 3 and step 4?

Oct/Nov 2019

A procedure for preparing copper(II) sulfate crystals is illustrated: (1) Put dilute sulfuric acid into a beaker. (2) Heat the acid gently. (3) Add copper(II) oxide until some remains unreacted. (4) Filter the mixture. (5) Evaporate the filtrate until crystals begin to appear. (6) Allow the filtrate to cool. What are the purposes of step 3 and step 4?

Oct/Nov 2019

A technique for producing copper(II) sulfate crystals is illustrated. What are the purposes of step 3 and step 4?

Oct/Nov 2019

A student performs an experiment to make pure magnesium sulfate crystals. The diagram illustrates the initial stage of the preparation. He adds magnesium carbonate until no further reaction occurs. Which process should he use for the following stage?

Oct/Nov 2020

A student carries out an experiment to make pure magnesium sulfate crystals. The diagram illustrates the first step in the preparation. He keeps adding magnesium carbonate until it no longer reacts. Which process should he use for the next step?

Oct/Nov 2020

A student is doing an experiment to make pure magnesium sulfate crystals. The diagram illustrates the first step in the preparation. He keeps adding magnesium carbonate until there is no further reaction. Which process should he use in the next stage?

Oct/Nov 2020

Sodium carbonate and sulfuric acid react to produce carbon dioxide, water and a sodium salt. An incomplete equation for this reaction is shown below. $\text{Na}_2\text{CO}_3 + \text{H}_2\text{SO}_4 \rightarrow \text{CO}_2 + \text{H}_2\text{O} + \dots$ What is the formula of the sodium salt?

Oct/Nov 2020

Three reaction equations are given below. 1. $\text{Pb(NO}_3)_2\text{(aq)} + 2\text{KI(aq)} \rightarrow \text{PbI}_2\text{(s)} + 2\text{KNO}_3\text{(aq)}$ 2. $2\text{AgNO}_3\text{(aq)} + \text{CuI}_2\text{(aq)} \rightarrow \text{Cu(NO}_3)_2\text{(aq)} + 2\text{AgI(s)}$ 3. $\text{CuO(s)} + \text{H}_2\text{SO}_4\text{(aq)} \rightarrow \text{CuSO}_4\text{(aq)} + \text{H}_2\text{O(l)}$ Which of these reactions can be used to prepare a salt by precipitation?

Oct/Nov 2020

A student performs an experiment to make pure magnesium sulfate crystals. The diagram illustrates the initial stage of the preparation. He adds magnesium carbonate until no further reaction occurs. Which process should he use for the next stage?

Oct/Nov 2020

A soluble salt may be prepared by reacting a metal carbonate with a dilute acid.

Oct/Nov 2020

Solid X is heated strongly. Its colour changes from blue to white. Which substance is solid X?

Oct/Nov 2021

During the preparation of zinc sulfate crystals, an excess of zinc oxide is mixed with dilute sulfuric acid. Why is the zinc oxide used in excess?

Oct/Nov 2021

Which method is used to obtain a pure sample of copper(II) sulfate crystals?

Oct/Nov 2021

Which reactions give carbon dioxide?

Oct/Nov 2021

Copper(II) sulfate is prepared by reacting excess insoluble solid M with solution N. Which row gives the identities of M and N, together with the method used to obtain crystals of copper(II) sulfate from the reaction mixture?

Oct/Nov 2022

Copper(II) sulfate is a soluble compound prepared by reacting copper(II) oxide with dilute sulfuric acid. The preparation may be carried out as follows: 1 Add excess copper(II) oxide to dilute sulfuric acid, then warm the mixture. 2 Filter to remove any copper(II) oxide that has not reacted. 3 Heat the filtrate so that most of the water is removed. 4 Allow the solution to cool, then filter out the solid copper(II) sulfate that is formed. Which row correctly displays the processes used in this preparation?

Oct/Nov 2022

Copper(II) sulfate is a soluble salt. Calcium sulfate is an insoluble salt. Which row gives the correct reactants for making a pure sample of the salt named?

Oct/Nov 2022

The diagram presents four stages in the conversion of sulfur into sulfuric acid. At which stage is a catalyst employed?

Oct/Nov 2022

A student makes calcium nitrate, $\text{Ca(NO}_3\text{)}_2$, by reacting calcium carbonate with dilute nitric acid.

Oct/Nov 2022