(a(i))
Explain the reason ethylamine is basic.
(a(ii))
Write an equation showing ethylamine acting as a base, and one showing it acting as a nucleophile.
(a(iii))
Why is phenylamine not as basic as ethylamine?
(a(iv))[6]
Suggest the structure of product E formed when the alkaloid nicotine reacts with excess $\text{HCl}(\text{aq})$.
(b(i))
State the reagents and conditions needed to convert phenylamine into a diazonium salt.
(b(ii))[3]
Suggest the starting materials required to synthesise the dyes shown below. Draw their structures in the boxes provided.
(b(iii))[2]
Suggest what effect the $\text{NaO}_3\text{S}^-$ group in methyl orange has on its properties. This group does not alter the compound’s colour.