Biology 9700 · AS & A Level · The gas exchange system

The gas exchange system — practice question

Fig. 6.1 shows a cross-section through lung tissue containing an alveolus and its blood supply.
(a(i))[1]

Name the epithelial cell type indicated by label lines A and B.

(a(ii))[2]

Describe the way the elastic fibres of the alveoli help the lungs function properly.

(b)[2]

The true diameter of the alveolus along line X-Y is $220\ \mu\text{m}$. Calculate the magnification of Fig. 6.1. Show your working and give your answer rounded to the nearest whole number.

(c)[2]

Outline two gas exchange-surface features visible in Fig. 6.1.

(d)[4]

Fig. 6.2 is a simplified view of the human circulatory system, with gas exchange shown in the lungs and in respiring tissue. The partial pressures of oxygen ($pO_2$) and carbon dioxide ($pCO_2$) at four points are also displayed. Using Fig. 6.2, explain how differences in $pO_2$ and $pCO_2$ between the alveoli and the blood make gas exchange possible in the lungs and respiring tissue.

Worked solution & mark scheme

This 11-mark question has a full step-by-step worked solution and mark scheme. One marking point: Alveoli are lined by squamous (pavement) epithelium

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