Physics 5054 · O Level · Transfer of thermal energy

Transfer of thermal energy — practice question

Fig. 10.1 shows a soldering iron. Solder is an alloy of metals used to make a permanent contact between electrical wires. The heating element increases the temperature of the metal tip. When solder is placed against the tip, it melts and flows over the wires to be joined. As the solder cools, it solidifies and the permanent connection is formed. The working temperature of the metal tip is $380\,^{\circ}\text{C}$.
(a)[2]

On Fig. 10.2, link the metal of the metal tip and the solder to suitable melting points with lines.

(b(i))[2]

Calculate the electrical energy delivered to the heating element during the first $10\,\text{s}$.

(b(ii))[3]

Calculate the thermal energy (heat) gained by the metal tip during the first $10\,\text{s}$.

(c(i))[2]

Describe, in terms of free electrons, how heat is transferred through the metal tip.

(c(ii))[2]

Explain how convection takes place in the air.

(d(i))[2]

In the space below, draw a labelled diagram of a thermocouple. Place a letter H on the part of the thermocouple that is put on the metal tip.

(d(ii))[2]

State two reasons why a thermocouple thermometer is appropriate for measuring how the temperature of the metal tip varies during the first $10\,\text{s}$.

Worked solution & mark scheme

This 15-mark question has a full step-by-step worked solution and mark scheme. One marking point: Metal tip is about 1000 ^{\circ}C

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