Physics 5054 · O Level · Radioactivity

Radioactivity — practice question

In Fig. 6.1, a radiation detector is sitting on a laboratory bench. The detector is turned on, six count-rate readings are taken, and a sample of the radioactive isotope cobalt-60 is positioned close to the detector.
(a)[1]

From all the measurements obtained, determine a mean value for the background count rate.

(b(i))[1]

Show your answer by placing ticks (✓) in the correct boxes for the radiation emitted by cobalt-60: alpha-particles, beta-particles, gamma rays.

(b(ii).1)[1]

The radiation is emitted when a cobalt-60 nucleus ($^{60}_{27}\text{Co}$) decays to a nucleus of the daughter product X. Product X is not radioactive. Determine how many protons are present in a nucleus of X.

(b(ii).2)[1]

Find the neutron number in a nucleus of X.

(c(i))[2]

The half-life of cobalt-60 is 5.3 years. State the meaning of half-life.

(c(ii))[2]

There are reasons to think that the variation in these readings is random rather than due to the number of cobalt-60 atoms in the sample falling. State two of these reasons.

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