Explain, using ideas about particles, how the steam produces a pressure on the piston.
Explain why the pressure on the piston rises when the temperature of the steam increases.
When the pressure becomes high enough, the holdback bar is released. The steam forces the piston along the pipe shown in Fig. 2.1. The piston has a cross-sectional area of $0.30\,\text{m}^2$. The pressure of the steam in the tank is $2.1 \times 10^6\,\text{Pa}$. Atmospheric pressure is $1.0 \times 10^5\,\text{Pa}$. Determine the resultant force on the piston caused by the pressure difference. Show your working.
The force found in (b) makes the aircraft accelerate from rest up to a maximum speed of $28\,\text{m s}^{-1}$. The mass of the aircraft is $3.0 \times 10^4\,\text{kg}$. Calculate the momentum of the aircraft at the maximum speed.
Calculate the time needed for the aircraft to reach the maximum speed.