Physics 5054 · O Level · Physical quantities and measurement techniques

Physical quantities and measurement techniques — practice question

A student studies how changing the ramp height changes the distance a toy car moves along the floor, as shown in Fig. 2.1. The car is put at the top of the ramp at position A and then let go. It moves down the ramp and then across the horizontal floor, coming to rest at position B. While moving down the ramp, the car drops through a vertical distance $h$. After that, it travels a distance $l$ along the floor.
(a)[2]

On Fig. 2.1, draw the car just after it has fully left the ramp, label the distance $l$, and label the height $h$.

(b)[2]

The student measures the height $h$ and then records the distance $l$ three times. He then alters the height of the ramp and repeats the investigation. Describe how the student can measure $h$ accurately. You may add labels to the diagram if you want.

(c(i))[1]

For the first three heights, the student works out the average distance $l_{av}$. $l_{av}$ is given to the nearest cm. Suggest a reason for giving $l_{av}$ to the nearest cm.

(c(ii))[2]

Complete Fig. 2.2 by adding $l_{av}$ for every result. Give $l_{av}$ to the nearest cm in each case.

(c(iii))[4]

On Fig. 2.3 opposite, plot the graph of $l_{av}$/cm on the y-axis against $h$/cm on the x-axis. Start both axes from $(0,0)$. Draw the line of best fit.

(c(iv))[1]

Describe the relationship between $l_{av}$ and $h$.

(d)[1]

In a different experiment using the same apparatus, $l_{av}$ is found to be $140\,\text{cm}$. Use your graph to suggest the value of $h$ that was used.

Worked solution & mark scheme

This 13-mark question has a full step-by-step worked solution and mark scheme. One marking point: Car shown at the bottom of the ramp with l labelled

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