Oct/Nov 2023

This question focuses on the Khilafat Movement. Examine the sources (Insert) carefully, then answer the questions that follow.

Forests

Describe what is meant by the ‘Hindi-Urdu Controversy’.

Urdu and Regional Languages

Describe the arrangements contained in the Lucknow Pact of 1916.

Water

Describe the successes of Benazir Bhutto’s foreign policy from 1988 to 1990.

Benazir Bhutto, Nawaz Sharif and Musharraf 1988–99

Describe the impact on Pakistan in 1990 of its inability to meet the terms of the Pressler Amendment.

Zulfikar Ali Bhutto and Zia-ul-Haq 1971–88

Fig. 1.1 presents a map of southern Pakistan and nearby countries. It includes Afghanistan, Iran, India, the Arabian Sea, the River Indus, the Kharan desert, and both international and province-level boundaries. The latitude lines marked are 24^{\circ}N and 28^{\circ}N, while the longitude lines shown are 64^{\circ}E, 68^{\circ}E and 72^{\circ}E. A north arrow and a 0-300 km scale bar are also shown.

Location of administrative areas and cities

Figures 2.1 and 2.2 present climate graphs for Multan and Lahore, with monthly rainfall (mm) and temperature (^{\circ}C) plotted from January through December.

Climate

Fig. 3.1 (Insert) is a map of the natural vegetation types in southern Pakistan. Fig. 3.2 (Insert) is a photograph of one vegetation type found in Pakistan.

Fish

Draw a labelled diagram to illustrate the extraction of natural gas.

Sources of power

Fig. 5.1 presents a divided bar graph of international tourism revenue in 2017 for different world regions, shown as a percentage of the world total. The key includes: Americas, Africa, Middle East, Asia-Pacific, Europe.

Secondary and tertiary industries