In $2015$, Spain recorded a death rate that was higher than its birth rate for the first time since $1939$. Forecasts suggest that its population will decrease by $5.6$ million during the next $50$ years. A fall of this kind would probably affect both the number and the size of firms in the country and also affect the environment. There are several different ways in which a country’s population can be increased.
(a)[2]
Define the term death rate.
(b)[4]
Explain two policy measures that a government could use to encourage families to have more children.
(c)[6]
Analyse the possible environmental effects of a declining population.
(d)[8]
Discuss whether a firm producing a wide range of products can benefit from economies of scale.
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