Japan’s birth rate is declining. Its population is getting older, and it is shrinking more quickly than the population of any other country. This affects how much the Japanese Government spends on pensions. The government is considering policies to raise the birth rate and to promote immigration.
(a)[2]
Identify two reasons for a country’s birth rate to decline.
(b)[4]
Explain two reasons why people with higher levels of education usually live longer than people with lower levels of education.
(c)[6]
Analyse, using a production possibility curve diagram, the effect net immigration is likely to have on an economy.
(d)[8]
Discuss whether a country's government ought to cut the pensions it pays to retired people.
Worked solution & mark scheme
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