Demand

Tea is a widely enjoyed drink in Turkey and Morocco, whereas coffee is another beverage chosen by many people. In many cafés, a small biscuit is served with a cup of tea or coffee. Some people add sugar to these drinks to make them sweeter. What type of relationship would be used to classify these goods?

May/June 2017

The diagram illustrates demand for chocolate. What might account for the shift from point X to point Y?

May/June 2017

The diagram presents chocolate demand. What could cause the shift from point X to point Y?

May/June 2017

The diagram illustrates the market for beef in the US, with the initial equilibrium at X. If incomes in the US increase, where will the new equilibrium be located?

May/June 2018

The table sets out the demand schedule for a good at a range of prices. The current market price for the good is $10$. If the price rises by $20\%$, how will quantity demanded change?

May/June 2019

What conclusion can be drawn from the demand curve for the product shown in the diagram?

May/June 2019

Which factors determine a consumer’s demand for a product?

May/June 2021

What would make the demand curve for a good move to the right?

May/June 2022

The diagram illustrates the impact of a fall in price on demand for a product, as price drops from $P_1$ to $P_2$ and quantity demanded rises from $Q_1$ to $Q_2$ along the demand curve $D$. What is the arrow in the diagram showing?

May/June 2023

Good X is in demand in two markets, Y and Z. The table gives the quantity of X demanded in these markets at different prices. What conclusion can be drawn from the table?

May/June 2023

Which factor is not kept constant when a demand curve for a good or service is drawn?

May/June 2024

Supermarkets provide petrol (gas) at sites outside their stores. They cut the petrol price to a level lower than that of other suppliers in order to draw in more customers, who then buy more items in the store when they purchase more petrol. If this plan succeeded, how would it be shown on demand and supply diagrams?

May/June 2024

Free goods and economic goods are used in Poland. In 2020, demand for both economic goods and factors of production rose in Poland. For instance, Polish consumers wanted more football shirts, and the Polish government raised its expenditure on housing for the nation’s population.

May/June 2024

The diagrams illustrate the demand curves for the market’s only two buyers. What shape will the market demand curve for the good have?

May/June 2025

Air travel and rail travel are substitute methods of transport. The diagram illustrates how new technology affects the market for air travel. What would be the most likely effect on the market for rail transport?

Oct/Nov 2015

Air travel and rail travel are alternative forms of transport. The diagram illustrates how new technology affects the market for air travel. What would be the most likely impact on the market for rail transport?

Oct/Nov 2015

A demand curve illustrates the link between the quantity demanded and

Oct/Nov 2016

Petrol (fuel) retailers in one country have seen a steep rise in sales during August, when many people go on holiday. Why could this happen?

Oct/Nov 2018

What is most likely to persuade someone to buy an expensive item such as a new car straight away?

Oct/Nov 2018

The diagram illustrates the demand for, and the supply of, air travel. What might lead to the demand curve shifting from $D_1$ to $D_2$?

Oct/Nov 2018

The table presents a company’s sales of cold drinks in the UK during 2016 and 2017. Changes in temperature affect the demand for cold drinks. In 2016, sales matched the normal seasonal trend. Sales figures for 2016 and 2017 (thousand cans): April 300 and 290; May 400 and 350; June 550 and 270; July 570 and 490; August 620 and 590. In which month of 2017 did the usual pattern get interrupted?

Oct/Nov 2019

The table gives the UK company’s cold-drink sales in 2016 and 2017. Cold-drink demand is affected by temperature changes. During 2016, sales followed the normal seasonal trend. In which month of 2017 was the normal pattern disrupted?

Oct/Nov 2019

The diagram illustrates the demand curve for coffee in the US. Why did the quantity demanded shift from $Q_1$ to $Q_2$?

Oct/Nov 2020

Study the source material closely before you answer Question 1. Source material: Changes in eating habits In high income countries, worries about health, obesity and animal welfare have grown. This has contributed to a rise in vegetarianism (not eating meat) and veganism (not eating meat, eggs or dairy) in high income countries. In 2017, veganism rose by 20% in the UK. As incomes rise in the UK, people are more likely to eat vegan food. Promotion of vegan food has also helped to increase consumption. It is claimed that eating vegan food can improve people’s health. Healthier workers can produce more, and better quality, products. Eating less meat and dairy products can also benefit the environment. Farm animals release greenhouse gases and their waste adds to water pollution. Although meat consumption per person is falling in high income countries, it is increasing in low income countries. Fig. 1.1 shows the average daily calorie intake in Senegal, a west African country, and the US, by food groups in 2015. The recommended daily calorie intake is 2880. To react to changes in the kinds of food people eat, it helps if workers are mobile. In general, the higher labour mobility is, the more efficiently the labour market adapts to shifts in demand and in the supply of workers. This improves a country’s international performance in trade of goods. Because some people in Africa are malnourished, eating more food of any type, including meat, may improve their health. A rise in meat consumption will raise demand for vets (for animal welfare) and transport firms. It can also increase the number of meat processing firms. Senegal has a high unemployment rate and low income per head. It has recently seen a drop in consumer expenditure. New industries and new jobs would help prevent Senegal experiencing a recession. A rise in government spending may also be necessary. The high birth rate and growing population also put pressure on the government to spend more. However, emigration is reducing tax revenue while giving some Senegalese useful employment experience.

Oct/Nov 2021

The diagrams illustrate the demand curves of the only two buyers in a market. What shape will the market demand curve for the good take?

Oct/Nov 2022

Cars and public transport are substitute goods. If the price of public transport goes up. How will the demand for cars be affected?

Oct/Nov 2023

The diagram illustrates a shift in demand for coffee. What factor would make demand for coffee move from D₁ to D₂?

Oct/Nov 2024

In Indonesia, some people play tennis. Yet badminton is the nation’s favourite sport. The equipment required to play it, including badminton racquets, is comparatively inexpensive. Players from the country win a large share of international tournaments. Leading Indonesian players earn ten times the average wage and over thirty times the wage of a cleaner.

Oct/Nov 2024

The diagram illustrates the demand curve for a good. What conclusion can be drawn from a single downward-sloping demand curve?

Oct/Nov 2025