Chemistry 5070 · O Level · The mole and the Avogadro constant

The mole and the Avogadro constant — practice question

Hydrated magnesium sulfate has the formula MgSO$_4\cdot x$H$_2$O. On heating, hydrated magnesium sulfate loses water of crystallisation and gives anhydrous magnesium sulfate. $\text{MgSO}_4\cdot x\text{H}_2\text{O (s)} \rightarrow \text{MgSO}_4\text{ (s)} + x\text{H}_2\text{O (g)}$
(a(i))[1]

Suggest why a crucible is preferred to a glass beaker.

(a(ii))[1]

Suggest why steps 3 and 4 are carried out again until the same mass is recorded twice.

(b(i))[1]

Complete the missing entries in the table.

(b(ii))[2]

On the grid, plot the final mass of MgSO$_4$ versus the mass of H$_2$O lost.

(b(iii))[1]

Circle the anomalous result on the graph.

(b(iv))[1]

Suggest why this result is anomalous.

(b(v))[1]

Draw a straight best-fit line.

(c(i))[1]

In another experiment, the final mass of MgSO$_4$ is $1.20\,\text{g}$. Use your graph to work out the mass of H$_2$O lost.

(c(ii))[2]

Calculate the number of moles of water in the result from (i). [$A_r$: H, 1; O, 16]

(c(iii))[1]

$1.20\,\text{g}$ of MgSO$_4$ corresponds to $0.01\,\text{mol}$ of MgSO$_4$. Determine the value of $x$ in MgSO$_4\cdot x$H$_2$O.

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