Ammonium carbonate, $(\text{NH}_4)_2\text{CO}_3$, is a white solid used in ‘smelling salts’. When it is heated, it breaks down. $(\text{NH}_4)_2\text{CO}_3(s) \rightarrow 2\text{NH}_3(g) + \text{H}_2\text{O}(g) + \text{CO}_2(g)$.
(a)[1]
A sample of ammonium carbonate is heated strongly until it has fully decomposed. Suggest what you would observe during the experiment.
(b)[4]
Describe how you would show that both ammonia and carbon dioxide are produced in this decomposition.
(c)[3]
Ammonium carbonate dissolves in water, whereas zinc carbonate is insoluble in water. Describe how you would prepare a sample of pure, dry zinc carbonate using a solution of ammonium carbonate.
(d)[2]
Excess ammonium carbonate reacts with phosphoric acid, $\text{H}_3\text{PO}_4$. Construct an equation for this reaction.
Worked solution & mark scheme
This 10-mark question has a full step-by-step worked solution and mark scheme. One marking point: “The white solid vanishes / strong smell of ammonia / condensation appears” …