(a)[3]
A drop of black ink is added to the bottom of a beaker of water. After some time, the colour spreads through the water. Explain this observation using the kinetic particle theory.
(b(i))[2]
Describe a test that can be used to identify iron(II) ions. test ……… observations ………
(b(ii))[1]
The ink turns darker when it is used on paper because iron(II) ions are oxidised into iron(III) ions. Write the ionic equation for this reaction.
(b(iii))[1]
After some time, the ink fades because of a hydrolysis reaction that is catalysed by acids. State how a catalyst increases the rate of a chemical reaction.
(c(i))[1]
Cellulose is a complex carbohydrate (polysaccharide). Name one more complex carbohydrate (polysaccharide).
(c(ii))[2]
Describe how complex carbohydrates may be hydrolysed into simple sugars.