(a)[1]
Suggest why the starting line is drawn in pencil rather than ink.
(b)[1]
On the chromatogram diagram, draw the line that indicates the depth of solvent in which the paper was placed.
(c)[1]
Suggest how the chromatogram should be treated so that the spots become visible.
(d)[1]
What change does hydrolysis cause in the sample of the molecule?
(e)[1]
Suggest a reason why only three spots are seen on the completed chromatogram.
(f(i))[2]
State how you calculate an $R_f$ value.
(f(ii))[2]
State which one of the amino acids listed appears on the chromatogram. Your answer should use measurements from the diagram and a calculation to support your choice.