(a)[1]
State the general formula for the alkanes.
(b(i))[1]
A structure of one isomer of an alkane is shown. Name this alkane.
(b(ii))[1]
Draw a different isomer of this alkane. Show every atom and every bond.
(c(i))[1]
Fractional distillation separates fractions by making use of a physical property. Name that physical property.
(c(ii))[1]
Naphtha is one fraction obtained from petroleum (crude oil). State the principal use of the naphtha fraction.
(d(i))[1]
Explain why it is important to crack larger alkanes into smaller ones.
(d(ii))[2]
State two conditions needed for cracking.
(e)[2]
Alkanes react with chlorine under ultraviolet light to produce compounds containing carbon, hydrogen and chlorine. A compound is 37.8% carbon, 6.30% hydrogen and 55.9% chlorine by mass. Calculate the empirical formula of this compound.