Chemistry 5070 · O Level · Alkanes

Alkanes — practice question

Alkanes form a homologous series of saturated hydrocarbons. The table gives information about several alkanes.
(a)[2]

How do the data in the table let you conclude that dodecane is liquid at $25^\circ\text{C}$?

(b)[2]

Butane melts at $-138^\circ\text{C}$. Explain, using the kinetic particle theory, what happens as butane melts.

(c)[2]

A sample of ethane gas at $0^\circ\text{C}$ has a pressure of 1 atmosphere. The pressure is then increased, while the temperature stays at $0^\circ\text{C}$. Describe and explain, using kinetic particle theory, what happens to the gas volume.

(d)[1]

Suggest a way to separate a mixture containing hexane, decane and dodecane. Explain your choice.

(e)[2]

Draw the full structural formula, showing every atom and bond, for two isomers with molecular formula $\text{C}_4\text{H}_{10}$.

(f)[1]

The structure of hexane is shown. Draw the full structure, showing every atom and bond, of an organic product formed when hexane reacts with chlorine.

Worked solution & mark scheme

This 10-mark question has a full step-by-step worked solution and mark scheme. One marking point: Melting point is below 25 ^{\circ}C

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