Identify the letter on Fig. 1.1 that labels the location where each of the following occurs: where sperm is deposited; where oestrogen is produced; where implantation occurs.
Some women can have blockages in the tubes labelled B. Explain why this would stop them from becoming pregnant.
In vitro fertilisation (IVF) can help women with blocked tubes become pregnant. It has several stages. Step 1 The ovaries are stimulated to produce a large number of eggs. Step 2 The eggs are taken out of the ovaries before they are released naturally. Step 3 The eggs are fertilised with sperm. Step 4 The fertilised eggs are placed back into the uterus. In step 1, the patient is injected with a hormone. Name a hormone that could be used.
In step 2, a drug is used to block the action of luteinising hormone (LH). Explain why it is important to block the action of LH.
A man and a woman who are unable to have children are described as an infertile couple. It is estimated that there are 90 million infertile couples in the world. There are many reasons for infertility, but 17% of cases are caused by blocked tubes in women. Calculate how many couples in the world have infertility caused by blocked tubes in women. Give your answer in standard form.