Mammalian sense organs

In what sequence does light travel through these structures in the eye?

May/June 2015

An antelope is feeding beneath a tree. It hears men calling far away. Which changes occur in the antelope’s eyes as it lifts its head to see the men?

May/June 2015

What structures are positioned over the pupil at the front of a human eye?

May/June 2016

A person is viewing some distant hills. Which row shows the condition of the lenses, ciliary muscles and suspensory ligaments in her eyes?

May/June 2017

Through which structures does light travel when it is brought to a focus on the retina?

May/June 2017

The diagram shows a cross-section of an eye. Which part acts as the receptor for the stimulus that causes the pupil to change size?

May/June 2018

The diagram illustrates a horizontal section through a human eye. Which part contains receptor cells that are sensitive to light?

May/June 2018

The table illustrates how the thickness of the eye lens varies when focusing on objects at different distances from the front of the eye.

May/June 2018

A girl is standing at a bus stop and looking at a bus moving towards her. What happens to her eyes as the bus comes nearer?

May/June 2019

What occurs when a person looks at something close by?

May/June 2019

What changes take place in the eye when a distant object is being viewed?

May/June 2021

What changes occur in the eye to cause the pupil reflex in bright light?

May/June 2021

An eye doctor is visited for an eye test, and a diagram of an eye is shown on the wall in the doctor’s room.

May/June 2021

Which diagram illustrates the way light from a distant object is brought to a focus on the retina so that a clear image is formed?

May/June 2022

Which diagram illustrates the way light from a distant object is brought to a focus on the retina so that a clear image is formed?

May/June 2022

A person’s pupil diameter is recorded while the light intensity is changed. In which time interval does the light intensity rise most rapidly?

May/June 2023

The graph illustrates how a person’s pupil diameter changes while they are outside on a sunny day. At what time did the person remove their sunglasses?

May/June 2023

Myopia is a disorder of the eye. A person with myopia can see nearby objects clearly, but objects that are distant appear unclear. This may occur when the eyeballs are a little too long, as shown in Fig. 5.1.

May/June 2023

The diagram illustrates a cross-section of the eye. For the pupil reflex, which row correctly identifies where the receptors and effectors are located?

May/June 2024

A list of the alterations that happen in the eye is shown below. 1 Ciliary muscles contract. 2 Ciliary muscles relax. 3 Suspensory ligaments become slack. 4 Suspensory ligaments tighten. 5 The lens becomes more spherical. 6 The lens becomes thinner. 7 Light rays are refracted less. 8 Light rays are refracted more. Which row shows the changes that happen when focusing on distant and near objects?

May/June 2024

In which part of the eye are the receptors for the pupil reflex located?

May/June 2025

Which row shows the changes that happen in the eye when it focuses on a close object?

May/June 2025

Which region of the eye has the highest concentration of light receptors?

May/June 2025

The diagrams display the front part of an eye viewed in cross-section from above. Which diagram indicates the eye looking at a distant object in dim light?

May/June 2025

A person shifts their gaze from a near object to one that is farther away. Describe how the named parts of the eye change to produce a focused image of the distant object.

Oct/Nov 2015

The diagram illustrates the lens’s curvature in a person’s eye. As the person observes two motorbikes passing at different speeds, the lens changes shape. In which time period was a motorbike travelling towards the person at the greater speed?

Oct/Nov 2016

The eye shifts focus from viewing a wristwatch to viewing an aeroplane in the sky. What changes take place inside the eye?

Oct/Nov 2016

An individual is seated in a dim room. After five seconds, a lamp is switched on. Five seconds later, the lamp is switched off once more. Which graph shows the changes in the diameters of their pupils?

Oct/Nov 2016

As a person grows older, the eye’s lens becomes less elastic.

Oct/Nov 2016

Which statements refer to the pupil reflex in bright light?

Oct/Nov 2017

In which locations are receptors found?

Oct/Nov 2017

A person is reading a book in low light. Which row shows the condition of the eye muscles?

Oct/Nov 2017

Fig. 6.1a shows the right eye of a person before entering an area of bright light.

Oct/Nov 2017

What changes occur in the ciliary muscle, and what happens to the lens, when the eye focuses on a distant object?

Oct/Nov 2018

The diagrams show the eye from the front and the lens in cross-section. Which diagrams show the appearance of the pupil and the form of the lens when looking up at the night sky?

Oct/Nov 2018

The diagram depicts a cross-section of a human eye. In which part are the receptors for the pupil (iris) reflex located?

Oct/Nov 2019

The diagram illustrates a cross-section of the eye. When the person looks downward and focuses on their mobile phone, what is the condition of structures P and R?

Oct/Nov 2020

A person is viewing some hills in the distance. Which row shows the condition of the lenses, ciliary muscles and suspensory ligaments in her eyes?

Oct/Nov 2020

In 1931, a scientist was transferring powdered PTC into a bottle. A small quantity of the powder was accidentally released into the air. Soon after, another scientist in the same room reported a bitter taste in her mouth from the powder floating in the air.

Oct/Nov 2020

The diagram presents a front view of the eye parts that are involved in forming a clear image of objects at near and far distances. What are structures 1 and 2?

Oct/Nov 2021

The diagrams show the frontal view of the pupil and iris of the eye at different light intensities. Which row gives the correct description of diagram X?

Oct/Nov 2021

The graph illustrates how the shape of the lenses in a person's eyes changes while they are watching a bird in flight. At which point is the bird moving towards the person at the greatest speed?

Oct/Nov 2022

If a bright light is directed into the eye, the pupil contracts. Which statement explains this reaction?

Oct/Nov 2022

What change takes place in the eye when a person focuses on a vehicle that is moving towards them from far away?

Oct/Nov 2023

A beam of light was directed into a person’s eye for $50$ seconds. While this was happening, the light intensity was altered. The graph illustrates how the person’s pupil size changed. Which statement accounts for the change in pupil size?

Oct/Nov 2023

A person is in a room that is darkened. After five seconds, a light is switched on. Five seconds later, the light is switched off once more. Which graph shows the changes in the diameters of their pupils?

Oct/Nov 2023

The diameter of the eye pupil was measured at several different light intensities. What is the percentage decrease in pupil diameter (rounded to $1$ decimal place) when a person moves from complete darkness to a light intensity of $10\,000$ arbitrary units?

Oct/Nov 2024

The diagram shows a cross-section of the eye. Which two structures are used to focus light rays on the retina?

Oct/Nov 2024

Fig. 4.1 shows how the curved shape of the lens in a person's eye changes over time.

Oct/Nov 2024

Fig. 2.1 presents a cross-section of the human eye. The labels shown are J, K, L, M and N.

Oct/Nov 2025