Radioactive decay may release: α-radiation, β-radiation, γ-radiation.
In a factory, rollers squeeze aluminium metal to produce thin foil sheets. An automatic thickness-control system for the foil makes use of a radioactive source. The system varies the gap between the upper roller and the lower roller. Fig. 12.1 shows the apparatus. The diagram labels are: rollers, radioactive source, radiation, thin aluminium foil, radiation detector, roller controller, counter.
(a(i))[1]
From the list, state which radiation has the greatest ionising effect.
(a(ii))[1]
From the list, state which radiation has the lowest penetrating ability.
(b(i))[2]
Use your ideas about the properties of radiation to suggest and explain the type of radiation used. Include the type of radiation and an explanation.
(b(ii))[1]
Describe how this fault changes the reading shown by the counter.
(b(iii))[1]
Suggest how the fault in (b)(ii) is corrected. State the change to the rollers.
(b(iv))[1]
State the number of protons in a nucleus of strontium-90.
Worked solution & mark scheme
This 7-mark question has a full step-by-step worked solution and mark scheme. One marking point: “alpha or α” …