Mathematics 0580 · IGCSE · Ratio and proportion

Ratio and proportion — practice question

This table presents details of several planets in the solar system: Planet | Diameter (km) | Average distance from the Sun (km) Earth | 12 800 | $1.496 \times 10^8$ Mars | 6 800 | $2.279 \times 10^8$ Jupiter | 143 000 | $7.786 \times 10^8$ Saturn | 120 500 | $1.434 \times 10^9$ Neptune | 49 500 | $4.495 \times 10^9$
(a(i))[1]

Write Mars' average distance from the Sun, $2.279 \times 10^8$ km, in ordinary number form.

(a(ii))[2]

Uranus has a diameter equal to $35.8\%$ of Jupiter's diameter. Calculate the diameter of Uranus.

(a(iii))[1]

The ratio diameter of Neptune : diameter of Saturn can be expressed in the form $1:n$. Find the value of $n$.

(a(iv))[2]

Find Neptune's average distance from the Sun, expressed as a percentage of the Earth's average distance from the Sun.

(a(v))[2]

Within the solar system, distances are also given in astronomical units (AU). Jupiter's average distance from the Sun is 5.20 AU. Calculate Mars' average distance from the Sun in astronomical units.

(a(vi))[2]

Mars' diameter is $39.2\%$ greater than Mercury's diameter. Calculate the diameter of Mercury.

(b(i))[2]

Show that one light year equals $9.461 \times 10^{12}$ km, correct to 4 significant figures.

(b(ii))[2]

Calculate the time taken for light to travel from this galaxy to Earth. Give your answer in millions of years.

Worked solution & mark scheme

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