Most countries have a population made up of more women than men. Iran, though, is an exception. In the 1990s, the Iranian Government aimed to bring the country’s birth rate down. The policies it introduced were highly effective and the birth rate declined. In 2012, however, the government changed its aim and is now trying to encourage people to have more children. The reason for this policy change is concern about the consequences of an ageing population caused by a falling death rate.
(a)[2]
Identify two reasons that may lead a country to have more women than men.
(b)[4]
Explain two causes of a decrease in the death rate.
(c)[6]
Analyse three policy measures a government could adopt to raise the birth rate.
(d)[8]
Discuss whether the government of a country with an ageing population should raise the retirement age.
Worked solution & mark scheme
This 20-mark question has a full step-by-step worked solution and mark scheme. One marking point: “Women usually have a longer life expectancy.” …