Chemistry 0620 · IGCSE · Reversible reactions and equilibrium

Reversible reactions and equilibrium — practice question

Hydrogen iodide undergoes thermal decomposition to form iodine and hydrogen, and the process is reversible. $2\text{HI(g)} \rightleftharpoons \text{I}_2\text{(g)} + \text{H}_2\text{(g)}$ Fig. 4.1 shows a sealed gas syringe holding a mixture of hydrogen iodide, iodine and hydrogen gases. The syringe is sealed and the mixture is heated to $300\ ^\circ\text{C}$. At equilibrium, the gas mixture is purple.
(a)[2]

State what the term equilibrium means.

(b(i))[1]

Explain why the equilibrium position stays the same.

(b(ii))[1]

Suggest why the colour of the gas mixture becomes a deeper purple.

(c)[1]

State what can be inferred about the forward reaction from this information.

(d)[2]

Deduce the oxidation number of iodine, I, in the following: HI I$_2$.

(e(i))[1]

From the list, select the element most likely to be used as the catalyst. Circle the answer you choose. calcium carbon copper sodium sulfur

(e(ii))[1]

State what happens to the position of equilibrium when a catalyst is used.

(e(iii))[1]

State the effect that a catalyst has on a reaction’s activation energy, $E_a$.

Worked solution & mark scheme

This 10-mark question has a full step-by-step worked solution and mark scheme. One marking point: The forward reaction rate is equal to the reverse reaction rate

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