Chemistry 0620 · IGCSE
Ions and ionic bonds
100 practice questions on Ions and ionic bonds, with worked solutions and instant marking.
Which statement gives the description of positive ions?
Feb/March 2016
Which structure shows the sodium chloride lattice?
Feb/March 2016
Magnesium burns in air to produce magnesium nitride. Magnesium nitride is an ionic compound. What is the formula for magnesium nitride?
Feb/March 2016
Iron pyrite, $\text{FeS}_2$, is called Fool’s Gold since it is a shiny yellow solid that looks similar to gold. Iron pyrite is an ionic compound. Gold is a metallic element.
Feb/March 2016
Which noble gas has the same electronic structure as an atom of the aluminium ion, $\text{Al}^{3+}$?
Feb/March 2017
The three substances below show these properties. • $X$ carries electric current in the solid state and also after melting. • $Y$ dissolves in water, and the resulting solution carries electric current. • $Z$ carries electric current only after it has been melted. What are $X$, $Y$ and $Z$?
Feb/March 2017
The ions found in ammonium sulfate are produced from the outputs of the Contact and Haber processes. A catalyst is used in both of these processes. Which row is correct?
Feb/March 2017
The formulae for some ions are given below. In which row is the formula incorrect?
Feb/March 2017
Caesium, Cs, is an element in Group I of the Periodic Table. When caesium reacts, it produces a positive ion, $\text{Cs}^+$. How does a caesium ion form?
Feb/March 2018
Metal X reacts with non-metal Y to produce an ionic compound whose formula is $X_2Y$. Which of the statements are correct?
Feb/March 2018
Caesium, $\text{Cs}$, is a Group I element in the Periodic Table. When caesium reacts, it produces the positive ion, $\text{Cs}^+$. In what way is a caesium ion formed?
Feb/March 2018
Which row gives the structure of the positive ion in sodium chloride?
Feb/March 2019
Which row shows the structure of the positive ion in sodium chloride?
Feb/March 2019
Lithium combines with fluorine to produce the compound lithium fluoride. Which statement about this reaction is correct?
Feb/March 2020
Lithium combines with fluorine to produce the compound lithium fluoride. Which statement about this reaction is correct?
Feb/March 2020
Some ions have their formulae shown. In which row is the formula incorrect?
Feb/March 2020
Copper is classified as a transition element. Two copper compounds are copper(II) oxide and copper(II) carbonate. Which row correctly describes these two compounds?
Feb/March 2021
Lithium and fluorine combine to make lithium fluoride. A student records three claims about this reaction. 1. Lithium atoms give up an electron as they react. 2. Each fluoride ion contains one more electron than a fluorine atom. 3. Lithium fluoride is a mixture of elements. Which claims are correct?
Feb/March 2021
Metal X combines with non-metal Y to produce an ionic compound having the formula $\text{X}_2\text{Y}$. Which of the following statements are correct?
Feb/March 2021
Lithium and fluorine combine to make lithium fluoride. A student records three statements about this reaction. Which of the statements are correct?
Feb/March 2021
The table gives the masses of selected ions in a $1000\,\text{cm}^3$ sea water sample.
Feb/March 2021
Which statement concerning ions and ionic bonds is true?
Feb/March 2023
Which statement about ions and ionic bonds is correct?
Feb/March 2023
Elements X and Y combine to make a compound. Element X loses two electrons, while element Y gains one electron. What charges do the ions of elements X and Y have, and what is the formula of the compound?
Feb/March 2023
Which barium salts dissolve in water?
Feb/March 2024
There are four ions shown below. $\text{N}^{3-} \quad \text{Al}^{3+} \quad \text{Li}^+ \quad \text{Cl}^-$ Which two ions have the same electronic configuration?
Feb/March 2024
Which row gives the properties of potassium bromide?
Feb/March 2024
Magnetite is an iron ore made up only of the ions $\text{Fe}^{2+}$, $\text{Fe}^{3+}$ and $\text{O}^{2-}$. State the formula of magnetite.
Feb/March 2024
Which row shows how the atoms change when a metal reacts with a non-metal?
Feb/March 2025
Lithium is placed in Group I of the Periodic Table. Nitrogen is placed in Group V of the Periodic Table. When lithium reacts with nitrogen, the ionic compound lithium nitride, $\text{Li}_3\text{N}$, is produced. What occurs to the electrons as lithium atoms and nitrogen atoms change into ions?
Feb/March 2025
The symbols and formulae are listed below. Ba2+ C Cl2 Cl- CO CO2 CuO H2 H2O K+ Na+ O2- Use only these symbols and formulae to answer the questions that follow. A symbol or formula may be chosen once, more than once, or not used at all.
Feb/March 2025
What occurs when a bond is formed between a green gaseous element and a soft metallic element?
May/June 2016
Lithium belongs to Group I of the Periodic Table. Nitrogen belongs to Group V of the Periodic Table. When lithium reacts with nitrogen, the ionic compound lithium nitride is formed. What happens to the electrons when lithium atoms and nitrogen atoms form ions?
May/June 2016
The equations showing the reaction of water with anhydrous cobalt(II) chloride and anhydrous copper(II) sulfate are given below. $\text{CoCl}_2(s) + 6\text{H}_2\text{O}(l) \rightarrow \text{CoCl}_2\cdot6\text{H}_2\text{O}(s)$ $\text{CuSO}_4(s) + 5\text{H}_2\text{O}(l) \rightarrow \text{CuSO}_4\cdot5\text{H}_2\text{O}(s)$ Which statement is incorrect?
May/June 2016
A few characteristics of substance X are given below. • It allows electric current to pass through it only when it is molten. • It has a very high melting point. • It reacts with oxygen on burning, and the product then dissolves in water to form a solution with $\text{pH }11$. What is X?
May/June 2016
Potassium, K, combines with fluorine, F, to make a compound. Which of the following statements about this compound are correct?
May/June 2016
Several characteristics of substance X are given below. • It allows electricity to pass through it while molten. • Its melting point is high. • It reacts with oxygen on burning, and the product then dissolves in water to form a solution with pH $11$. What is X?
May/June 2016
Diagrams of several phosphorus-containing substances are shown. The five structures are labelled A, B, C, D and E. Structure A shows one phosphorus atom linked to three hydrogen atoms. Structure B shows an ionic lattice consisting of PH$_4^+$ ions and I$^-$ ions. Structure C shows four phosphorus atoms joined to each other. Structure D shows Na$^+$ ions and P$^{3-}$ ions arranged in a lattice. Structure E shows a larger covalent structure made from phosphorus and oxygen atoms bonded together.
May/June 2016
Potassium iodide is classified as an ionic compound.
May/June 2016
Sodium combines with chlorine to produce sodium chloride. Which statements explain what happens to the sodium atoms in this reaction?
May/June 2017
X is a white solid that dissolves in water, forming a blue solution. What is X?
May/June 2017
Which element is unable to form a stable ion that has the same electron arrangement as argon?
May/June 2017
The electron arrangements of atoms Q and R are shown. Q and R combine to make an ionic compound. What is the formula of this compound?
May/June 2017
Sodium undergoes reaction with chlorine to produce sodium chloride. Which statements describe what occurs to the sodium atoms in this reaction?
May/June 2017
Dilute sulfuric acid is added to two different aqueous solutions, X and Y. The results are as follows. solution X: white precipitate solution Y: bubbles of a colourless gas Which row indicates the ions present in the solutions?
May/June 2017
Which element does not produce a stable ion with the same electron arrangement as argon?
May/June 2017
The electronic structures of atoms Q and R are displayed. Q and R combine to make an ionic compound. What is the formula of this compound?
May/June 2017
Aqueous iron(III) sulfate and aqueous sodium hydroxide combine to form a precipitate of iron(III) hydroxide and a sodium sulfate solution. What is the balanced equation for this reaction?
May/June 2017
A student combines silver nitrate with barium chloride, producing a white precipitate of silver chloride: $2\text{AgNO}_3 + \text{BaCl}_2 \rightarrow 2\text{AgCl} + \text{Ba(NO}_3)_2$. Which row states the solubility of the salts?
May/June 2018
Calcium reacts with chlorine to form calcium chloride. What occurs when a calcium ion is formed in this reaction?
May/June 2019
Which statement concerning the formation of ions in chemical reactions is correct?
May/June 2019
What occurs when sodium atoms react with chlorine atoms to produce sodium chloride?
May/June 2019
Which description best matches the structure of an ionic compound?
May/June 2019
Which statement describes the arrangement of ions in an ionic compound?
May/June 2019
Which statement gives the arrangement of an ionic compound?
May/June 2019
A student makes three claims about potassium nitrate, $\text{KNO}_3$. Which of these claims are correct?
May/June 2021
Which row shows how an ionic bond is formed between a sodium atom and a chlorine atom?
May/June 2021
What is the chemical formula of the product formed when sodium burns in chlorine gas?
May/June 2021
Chemical compounds made from a Group I element and a Group VII element have ionic bonds. In what way are the ionic bonds formed?
May/June 2021
Potassium combines with iodine to produce an ionic compound. $\text{2K} + \text{I}_2 \rightarrow \text{2KI}$ Which statements explain what occurs when potassium reacts with iodine?
May/June 2021
Elements P and Q lie in the same period of the Periodic Table. P and Q combine to make an ionic compound. A section of this compound’s lattice is shown. Which statement is correct?
May/June 2021
When a compound is made from a Group I element and a Group VII element, ionic bonds are present. Explain how the ionic bonds are formed.
May/June 2021
Which statement concerning calcium carbonate is correct?
May/June 2021
The formulae of three ionic vanadium compounds are $\text{V}_2\text{O}$, $\text{VCl}_2$ and $\text{V}_2\text{O}_3$. What charge is carried by the vanadium ion in each compound?
May/June 2021
The table lists the masses of certain ions in $1000\,\text{cm}^3$ of fruit juice.
May/June 2021
Potassium and chlorine combine to produce potassium chloride, KCl.
May/June 2021
This question concerns nitrogen compounds.
May/June 2021
What occurs to an atom when it changes into an ion with a charge of $+1$?
May/June 2022
Which of the following statements about ions and ionic bonding is correct?
May/June 2022
Which row gives the description of an ionic solid?
May/June 2022
Which row indicates the properties of an ionic compound?
May/June 2023
Which row gives the properties of lithium fluoride?
May/June 2023
Which statement concerning potassium fluoride is correct?
May/June 2023
What is the chemical formula for potassium oxide?
May/June 2023
Nitrogen forms a nitride ion with the formula $\text{N}^{3-}$. Which particle has an electronic configuration that is not the same as that of the nitride ion?
May/June 2023
At room temperature and pressure, magnesium oxide is a white solid. A section of the solid magnesium oxide structure is shown. There are three statements. Which of these statements are correct?
May/June 2023
What is the chemical formula for potassium oxide?
May/June 2023
This question focuses on ionic compounds and covalent compounds.
May/June 2023
Magnesium makes ionic compounds.
May/June 2023
Certain properties of substances W, X, Y and Z are displayed. Which of these substances are ionic?
May/June 2024
An atom may become an ion by either losing electrons or gaining electrons. Which row is correct?
May/June 2024
Shown are the electronic configurations of four atoms, W, X, Y and Z. Which one of these atoms produces an ion with a charge of $2-$ on reaction?
May/June 2024
Which rows show two aqueous salts that react together to form a precipitate?
May/June 2024
Which row shows the electrical conductivity of covalent compounds and ionic compounds in the solid state and when molten?
May/June 2024
Which statement about the bonding in sodium chloride is correct?
May/June 2024
Which of the following statements about potassium chloride are correct? 1. In the solid state, it conducts electricity because its ions are free to move. 2. It has a high melting point because it has strong intermolecular forces. 3. Its structure is a giant lattice made up of alternating positive and negative ions. 4. It dissolves in water.
May/June 2024
Figure 1.1 displays the structures of seven substances, A, B, C, D, E, F and G.
May/June 2024
Fig. 1.1 displays the structures of seven substances, A, B, C, D, E, F and G.
May/June 2024
The liquid inside the body’s cells is the solution located between the cells in the human body. Table 2.1 gives the masses, in mg, of some ions in $100\,\text{cm}^3$ of intracellular fluid.
May/June 2024
This question concerns sodium, fluorine and sodium fluoride.
May/June 2024
Which of these statements about potassium iodide are correct?
May/June 2025
When sodium chloride is produced from its elements, each chlorine atom ........1........ one ........2........ . Which words correctly fill gaps $1$ and $2$?
May/June 2025
Rubidium belongs to Group I of the Periodic Table, whereas bromine belongs to Group VII of the Periodic Table. Rubidium and bromine react together to make an ionic compound. Which row indicates the electron transfer for rubidium and gives the correct formula for the rubidium ion produced?
May/June 2025
Which of the following statements about potassium chloride is correct?
May/June 2025
A Group I metal (lithium or potassium) is allowed to react with a Group VII element (chlorine or iodine). Which compound is produced when the Group I metal with the greatest density reacts with the Group VII element with the lowest density?
May/June 2025
The colours of anhydrous copper(II) sulfate and anhydrous cobalt(II) chloride change when water is added. Which row gives the correct colour changes?
May/June 2025
The diagram indicates the positions of elements P and Q in the Periodic Table. What is the formula of the compound formed between P and Q?
May/June 2025
Which of the following statements about ionic compounds is correct?
May/June 2025
The reaction equation for iron(III) chloride and sodium hydroxide is shown. $\text{FeCl}_3(aq) + 3\text{NaOH}(aq) \rightarrow \text{Fe(OH)}_3(s) + 3\text{NaCl}(aq)$. What is the ionic equation for this reaction?
May/June 2025
This question concerns sea water and the substances present in sea water.
May/June 2025