Chemistry 0620 · IGCSE · Fuels

Fuels — practice question

The diagram depicts a fractionating column for the fractional distillation of petroleum, with labels for refinery gas at the top, gasoline fraction, F, kerosene fraction and the lower fractions.
(a)[2]

On the diagram, place X to show where the temperature in the fractionating column is greatest, and place B to show where bitumen is taken off from the fractionating column.

(b)[1]

State the name of the fraction shown by F in the diagram.

(c(i))[1]

Draw the structure of an ethane molecule, showing every atom and every bond.

(c(ii))[1]

Balance the chemical equation for this reaction. $\text{CH}_4 + \text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow \text{CO} + \ldots\text{H}_2$

(c(iii))[1]

What does endothermic mean?

(d)[4]

Describe the process of cracking. In your answer, explain what is meant by cracking and give the conditions required for cracking hydrocarbons.

(e(i))[1]

How does the boiling point change as the number of carbon atoms in one molecule increases?

(e(ii))[1]

Predict the boiling point for propane.

(e(iii))[2]

Describe how the molecules in liquid butane are arranged and how far apart they are. arrangement separation

Worked solution & mark scheme

This 14-mark question has a full step-by-step worked solution and mark scheme. One marking point: X in the bottom compartment of the fractionating column

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