(a(i))[2]
Describe, in terms of protons, neutrons and electrons, the ways in which the isotopes $^{29}_{13}$Al and $^{27}_{13}$Al are alike and how they differ.
(a(ii))[3]
Complete the table so that it shows the numbers of nucleons, neutrons and electrons in an $^{27}_{13}$Al$^{3+}$ ion.
(b(i))[1]
Name the principal ore of aluminium.
(b(ii))[1]
Why is aluminium not extracted from its ore using carbon reduction?
(b(iii))[2]
Give two reasons, apart from cost, for using cryolite.
(b(iv))[1]
Is this process oxidation or reduction? Give the reason for your answer.
(b(v))[2]
Explain how carbon dioxide forms at the anode.
(c(i))[1]
Explain why zinc metal reacts with copper(II) sulfate solution.
(c(ii))[1]
What type of reaction is shown?
(c(iii))[1]
Explain why the first reaction between aluminium metal and copper(II) sulfate is very slow.