Chemistry 0620 · IGCSE · Diffusion

Diffusion — practice question

Aqueous ammonium sulfate, $(\text{NH}_4)_2\text{SO}_4$, is heated with aqueous sodium hydroxide. Ammonia, $\text{NH}_3$, a pungent-smelling gas, is produced.
(a)[1]

Balance this reaction. $(\text{NH}_4)_2\text{SO}_4 + \ldots\text{NaOH} \rightarrow \ldots\text{NH}_3 + \ldots\text{H}_2\text{O} + \text{Na}_2\text{SO}_4$

(b)[1]

Calculate the percentage of ammonium sulfate present in this sample.

(c)[2]

Describe a simple test for ammonia gas.

(d(i))[1]

Name the process by which ammonia gas spreads throughout the laboratory.

(d(ii))[2]

Explain, in terms of particles, why ammonia gas spreads throughout the laboratory.

(d(iii))[1]

Explain why carbon dioxide gas, $\text{CO}_2$, spreads through the laboratory at a slower rate than ammonia gas, $\text{NH}_3$.

(e(i))[2]

Explain why a lower temperature and a higher pressure are not chosen.

(e(ii))[1]

State the function of iron in the Haber process.

(f(i))[1]

Explain what the term base means.

(f(ii))[1]

Suggest a possible pH for aqueous ammonia.

Worked solution & mark scheme

This 13-mark question has a full step-by-step worked solution and mark scheme. One marking point: the coefficient pattern is 2 → 2 + 2

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