Biology 0610 · IGCSE
Xylem and phloem
93 practice questions on Xylem and phloem, with worked solutions and instant marking.
The bottom part of a plant stem is put into water that has been coloured with red dye. After three hours, the stem is cut as shown in the diagram. Which labelled region is stained red?
Feb/March 2016
The lower end of a plant stem is immersed in water containing red dye. After three hours, the stem is cut as shown in the diagram. Which labelled region has turned red?
Feb/March 2016
The diagram presents a transverse section of a plant stem. What functions are performed by the two labelled tissues?
Feb/March 2019
A leafy shoot is put into a solution containing a red dye. After 30 minutes, which region of a leaf taken from this shoot would have the red dye in it?
Feb/March 2019
The diagram presents a cross section of a plant stem. What functions do the two labelled tissues perform?
Feb/March 2019
A leafy shoot is put into a solution containing a red dye. After $30$ minutes, which region of a leaf from this shoot will have the red dye in it?
Feb/March 2019
The photograph presents a cross-section through a root. The root hair and the xylem are components of the same
Feb/March 2019
The diagram illustrates one kind of plant cell. In which tissue would this cell be found?
Feb/March 2020
When stems bearing white flowers are cut and placed in a blue stain, the petals become blue. Through which tissue in the stem does the stain move in order to reach the petals?
Feb/March 2020
The diagram represents a kind of plant cell. In which tissue would this cell be found?
Feb/March 2020
If stems bearing white flowers are cut and then put into a blue stain, the petals become blue. Through which tissue in the stem does the stain move in order to get to the petals?
Feb/March 2020
Which statement correctly describes one function of xylem tissue?
Feb/March 2021
Which statement about a function of xylem tissue is correct?
Feb/March 2021
Identify the parts of the plant cell in Fig. 4.1 by filling in the spaces provided with words from the list.
Feb/March 2021
Which of these statements about xylem vessels are correct?
Feb/March 2024
Which statement explains a function of xylem in a plant stem?
Feb/March 2025
In a plant, what structure is made up of a cluster of xylem vessels?
May/June 2016
What functions do xylem vessels carry out?
May/June 2016
In a plant, what structure is produced by a cluster of xylem vessels?
May/June 2016
Which statement is true of phloem but not of xylem?
May/June 2016
In a plant, what structure is produced by a collection of xylem vessels?
May/June 2016
In plants, which ions are needed to produce amino acids?
May/June 2017
The diagrams illustrate cross-sections of a root and a stem. Which labels are correct?
May/June 2017
The nutrient ions found in four different soils are shown. Which soil would be most suitable for growing healthy, green plants?
May/June 2017
The diagram illustrates a cross-section through a plant stem. What function does the tissue labelled V carry out?
May/June 2017
Which mineral ion is taken up by plant roots and used to make all amino acids?
May/June 2017
The diagrams illustrate transverse sections of a root and a leaf. Which option correctly identifies the phloem?
May/June 2017
The diagrams illustrate cross-sections of a root and a stem. Which of the labels is correct?
May/June 2017
The diagram presents a cross-section through a plant stem. What function does the tissue labelled V have?
May/June 2017
The diagram illustrates part of a cross-section of a plant stem. Which tissue carries water from the roots to the leaves?
May/June 2018
A celery stalk was immersed in a beaker that contained a red stain. After 24 hours, the red stain was seen at the top of the celery stalk. Which structures would have become red?
May/June 2018
The diagram shows part of a cross-section of a plant stem. Which tissue carries water from the roots up to the leaves?
May/June 2018
A celery stalk was put into a beaker containing a red stain. After 24 hours, the red stain could be seen at the top of the celery stalk. Which structures became stained red?
May/June 2018
A celery stalk was put in a beaker containing blue dye. Once the dye had reached the leaves, the stalk was removed and cut across, as shown in the diagram. Which diagram indicates how the cut end of the stalk would look?
May/June 2019
A celery stalk was put into a beaker of blue dye. After the dye had reached the leaves, the stalk was removed and a section was cut, as shown in the diagram. Which diagram shows what the cut end of the stalk looks like?
May/June 2019
A celery stalk was put into a beaker containing blue dye. After the dye had reached the leaves, the stalk was removed and a section was cut, as shown in the diagram. Which diagram shows how the cut end of the stalk would look?
May/June 2019
A celery stalk was put into a beaker containing blue dye. After the dye had reached the leaves, the stalk was removed and sliced across, as shown in the diagram. Which diagram shows what the cut end of the stalk looks like?
May/June 2019
The diagram illustrates several of the transport tissues in a plant root. Which row describing tissues Y and Z in the diagram is correct?
May/June 2019
A celery stalk was put into a beaker containing blue dye. Once the dye had moved up to the leaves, the stalk was removed and a cross-section was cut, as shown in the diagram. Which diagram shows how the cut end of the stalk would look?
May/June 2019
A celery stalk was placed in a beaker containing blue dye. Once the dye had reached the leaves, the stalk was removed and a section was cut, as shown in the diagram. Which diagram shows the appearance of the cut end of the stalk?
May/June 2019
Fig. 3.1 shows a drawing of a root cross-section. On Fig. 3.1, identify the structures by adding label lines and the labels: root hair, phloem, xylem.
May/June 2019
The diagram illustrates part of a root cross-section. What are cells 1, 2 and 3?
May/June 2021
The diagram illustrates part of a root cross-section. What are cells 1, 2 and 3?
May/June 2021
Which tissues occur in vascular bundles?
May/June 2022
A stem from a non-woody plant is put into water with a red dye added. After one day, a cross-section of the stem is viewed under a microscope. Which tissue has become red-stained?
May/June 2022
The diagram shows a cross-section through part of a leaf. Which labelled structure is xylem?
May/June 2022
A stem from a non-woody plant is put into water that contains a red dye. After one day, a section of the stem is viewed under a microscope. Which tissue has turned red?
May/June 2022
The diagram displays a cross-section through part of a leaf. Which labelled structure is the xylem?
May/June 2022
Which row identifies the roles of xylem and phloem?
May/June 2023
What route is followed by water through a plant?
May/June 2023
A stem was removed from a plant. Its lower end was put into a beaker that contained water and a red stain for two hours. The diagram shows a transverse section of the plant stem. In which tissue would the red stain be present, and what is the tissue called?
May/June 2023
Circle two substances moved by the part labelled X in Fig. 4.1. amino acids, cellulose, fatty acids, glucose, glycogen, starch, sucrose
May/June 2023
What structures are contained in a vascular bundle?
May/June 2024
What route is taken by water from the soil to the leaf?
May/June 2024
Which characteristic of xylem vessels gives plants support?
May/June 2024
Which statement describes why vascular bundles are important for photosynthesis?
May/June 2024
The diagram presents a cross-section through a plant root. What is one function of the part labelled Q?
May/June 2024
The roots of a plant are cut off, and the stem is placed in a beaker containing a red dye. After a few hours, in which region of the stem would the red dye appear?
May/June 2025
Which row lists the characteristics of xylem vessels?
May/June 2025
The diagrams illustrate cross-sections of a leaf, a root and a stem. In which row do the numbers indicate the xylem in the leaf, the root and the stem?
May/June 2025
What features do the cell walls of a xylem vessel have?
Oct/Nov 2016
What characteristics do the cell walls of a xylem vessel have?
Oct/Nov 2016
Fig. 2.1 shows a diagram of a section of plant tissue, with part A labelled.
Oct/Nov 2016
Which tissue is responsible for carrying water from the roots to the leaves in a plant?
Oct/Nov 2017
What is used to support plants?
Oct/Nov 2017
The diagram illustrates a transverse section of a plant organ. What is M?
Oct/Nov 2017
Use Fig. 4.1 to state the average time taken for one petal to fall off the flowers placed in water and Flower Food.
Oct/Nov 2017
The photomicrograph shows a cross-section of a buttercup root. What function does the tissue marked Z have?
Oct/Nov 2018
The diagram represents a leaf cross-section. Which part is xylem?
Oct/Nov 2018
The diagram shows a cross-section of the stem of a dicotyledonous plant. Which tissue carries water and mineral ions?
Oct/Nov 2018
The photomicrograph presents a cross-section of a buttercup root. What function does the tissue labelled Z have?
Oct/Nov 2018
The diagram presents a cross-section through the stem of a dicotyledonous plant. Which part carries water and mineral ions?
Oct/Nov 2018
The diagram illustrates a cross-section of a plant root. What is present at Q and R?
Oct/Nov 2019
The diagram represents a cross-section of a plant root. What structures are present at Q and R?
Oct/Nov 2019
The diagrams show parts of a leaf and a root. Which two labelled structures are xylem?
Oct/Nov 2021
The diagram shows a young plant. Identify the parts of the plant where xylem vessels are found.
Oct/Nov 2021
The diagrams display parts of a leaf and a root. Which two labelled structures are xylem?
Oct/Nov 2021
The substances listed below are present in a plant leaf. Which substance comes from the soil?
Oct/Nov 2022
A plant’s roots were put into a red dye solution. After $24$ hours, a piece of root and a piece of leaf were removed from the plant. In which tissues would the red dye be seen?
Oct/Nov 2022
Fig. 4.1 depicts a dandelion plant, Taraxacum officinale, growing in a field. The flower stalk is known as a scape.
Oct/Nov 2022
The photograph shows a transverse section of a sunflower stem. What is the tissue labelled Z called, and what is its function?
Oct/Nov 2023
Scientists investigated how wheat plants absorb potassium ions from chemical fertilisers. The results are shown. What difference is there in the uptake of potassium ions $360$ days after planting, compared with $30$ days after planting?
Oct/Nov 2023
The route followed by water as it moves through a plant is shown. root hair cells $\rightarrow$ root cortex cells $\rightarrow$ Z $\rightarrow$ mesophyll cells Which section of the pathway does Z represent?
Oct/Nov 2023
The photograph shows a transverse section of a sunflower stem. What is the name and function of the tissue marked Z?
Oct/Nov 2023
The route followed by water through a plant is illustrated. root hair cells $\rightarrow$ root cortex cells $\rightarrow Z \rightarrow$ mesophyll cells Which section of the route is $Z$?
Oct/Nov 2023
Which row gives a description of transport in a plant?
Oct/Nov 2024
The diagram illustrates a transverse section of a stem. Which statement accurately states the position and role of phloem?
Oct/Nov 2024
Which statement about support in plants is correct?
Oct/Nov 2024
What substance makes the walls of xylem vessels stronger?
Oct/Nov 2024
The diagram shows one kind of plant cell. In which tissue would this cell be found?
Oct/Nov 2024
What structural characteristic do xylem vessels have?
Oct/Nov 2025
The diagram presents part of a leaf cross-section. Which section is the xylem?
Oct/Nov 2025
A student explored how temperature affects the transport of water in celery stalks. The water included a blue dye. In plant stems such as a celery stalk, water is carried through the xylem tissue inside the vascular bundles. The student followed this procedure: Step 1 Select two stalks of celery and trim them so that each is 10 cm long. Step 2 Set up an ice-cold water-bath C and a warm water-bath W. Put a beaker of blue dye in each water-bath, as shown in Fig. 1.1. Step 3 Measure the temperatures of the water in water-bath C and water-bath W. Step 4 Allow the blue dye to reach the same temperature as the water-baths for three minutes. Step 5 After three minutes, place one celery stalk into each beaker of blue dye, as shown in Fig. 1.2. Leave the celery stalks in the blue dye for ten minutes. Step 6 After ten minutes, measure the final temperatures of the water in water-bath C and water-bath W. Step 7 Take the celery stalk out of the blue dye in water-bath C and place it on a white tile. Step 8 Slice a cross-section across the celery stalk 5 mm from the end that was in the blue dye, as shown in Fig. 1.3. Step 9 Inspect the xylem tissue of the cut section of celery stalk to check whether the blue dye can still be seen. Fig. 1.4 shows where the xylem tissue is located in a cut section of a celery stalk. Step 10 If the blue dye is still visible in the celery stalk, cut a further 5 mm wide section from the dyed end of the remaining celery stalk. Keep cutting 5 mm wide sections from the celery stalk until the blue dye can no longer be seen in the cut section. Step 11 Count how many sections cut from the celery stalk contain the blue dye. Step 12 Carry out steps 7 to 11 again with the celery stalk from water-bath W.
Oct/Nov 2025