TPAs, which means tissue plasminogen activators, are human proteins used as drugs to dissolve blood clots.
They act by switching on plasminogen. Plasminogen is a protein that is always present in the blood.
After activation, plasminogen becomes a protease that breaks fibrin molecules down.
(a(i))[1]
Plasminogen is found in the plasma. State what is meant by the term plasma.
(a(ii))[1]
State the products formed when protease acts on the protein fibrin.
(b(i))[1]
State the name of structure A shown in Fig. 5.1.
(b(ii))[1]
State the name of this enzyme.
(b(iii))[3]
Explain how the gene is added into structure A to make structure B, as shown in Fig. 5.1.
(b(iv))[1]
Suggest one advantage of making TPA using genetically-engineered bacteria.
(b(v))[2]
Explain the role of mRNA in the bacterium.
Worked solution & mark scheme
This 10-mark question has a full step-by-step worked solution and mark scheme. One marking point: “the watery liquid part of blood” …