Oct/Nov 2019

The diagram illustrates a plant. Which characteristic of living organisms is demonstrated by the plant in the diagram?

Characteristics of living organisms

An experiment was arranged using two sealed test-tubes that contained aquatic plants and hydrogencarbonate indicator. In these sealed test-tubes, the indicator reveals the amount of dissolved carbon dioxide present. One sealed test-tube was left in light for 24 hours, while the other was left in darkness for 24 hours. The outcomes are given in the table. What is the correct explanation of what has occurred?

Photosynthesis

The diagram shows a leaf viewed in cross-section using a microscope. Which tissues are 1, 2 and 3?

Leaf structure

The pie charts illustrate the make-up of 100 g of four different foods. Which food gives the greatest amount of energy?

Diet

The diagram illustrates the teeth in the lower jaw of a human. Which of these teeth is a premolar?

Physical digestion

The diagram illustrates an experiment left at room temperature. After 45 minutes, what is found in the water around the membrane?

Diffusion

The diagrams illustrate transverse sections of four roots. Which root is most suitably adapted to absorb water from the soil?

Water uptake

The diagram illustrates a vertical slice through a human heart. What are X and Y?

Heart

The diagram illustrates human blood cells as they appear through a microscope. What function does cell X carry out?

Blood

A pathogen may be described as

Diseases and immunity

Which row indicates the approximate percentage composition of gases in expired air?

Gas exchange in humans

In the binomial system used to name organisms, the lion is called $\text{Panthera leo}$. Which statement is right?

Concept and uses of classification systems

Mammals keep their body temperature constant. Which process has to happen continuously to keep body temperature constant?

Respiration

Which process liberates the greatest amount of energy from one molecule of glucose?

Aerobic respiration

The diagram illustrates a simple reflex arc. After the knee is tapped, what is the correct sequence of events?

Coordination and response

In sense organs, what type of cell is present?

Sense organs

What does the term tropism mean?

Tropic responses

A dye is injected into the blood supply of a patient’s kidneys. It then shows up in his excretory system, as shown. Which part is obstructed?

Excretion in humans

The diagram illustrates the effect that four different antibiotics, A, B, C and D, have on bacterial growth. Which antibiotic do the bacteria show the greatest resistance to?

Drugs

Too much alcohol has effects on the body. Which statement explains the danger of driving after drinking excessive alcohol?

Drugs

To which part of the flower is pollen moved during pollination?

Sexual reproduction in plants

The table presents some of the stages that occur during labour and birth. Which is the correct sequence?

Sexual reproduction in humans

The table gives the number of animals gathered from a woodland sample and the groups they are classified into. What is the total number of arthropods in this sample that have six or eight legs?

Features of organisms

The table gives the percentage effectiveness of four methods of contraception when they are used properly. What percentage of unplanned pregnancies would be expected if the surgical method of contraception were used?

Sexual reproduction in humans

The diagram illustrates part of a genetic diagram for the inheritance of sex in humans. What are the sex chromosomes in gamete P and in the male offspring?

Chromosomes, genes and proteins

A mouse with grey hair mates with a mouse with white hair, producing offspring with genotypes Bb, Bb, bb and bb. (B is the dominant allele for grey hair, and b is the recessive allele for white hair.) Which statement correctly describes the genotypes of the parents?

Monohybrid inheritance

The following characteristics were observed in a pair of identical twins. Which of these characteristics shows phenotypic variation?

Variation

Which one of the following statements about selective breeding is correct?

Selection

Which diagram represents energy being transferred along a food chain?

Food chains and food webs

Which organisms absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere?

Photosynthesis

What characteristic of bacteria makes them particularly useful in biotechnology?

Biotechnology

Which process uses a genetically engineered organism?

Genetic modification

What effects can deforestation have?

Habitat destruction

Which characteristics are shared by animal cells and plant cells?

Cell structure

A bloodworm is an organism found in water that is heavily polluted. The diagram shows the point at which raw sewage enters a river. At which location would the number of bloodworms be the lowest?

Pollution

The diagram illustrates an animal. Use the key to identify which animal it is.

Concept and uses of classification systems

At what level of organisation does a root belong?

Features of organisms

State one example of diffusion.

Diffusion

Which option identifies the chemical elements present in proteins?

Biological molecules

What does the term $\text{enzyme}$ mean?

Enzymes

The diagrams depict a test tube filled with pond water. The green colour is due to microorganisms containing chloroplasts. Which characteristics of living organisms are shown?

Characteristics of living organisms

The diagram illustrates an experiment that examines how light intensity affects an aquatic plant. Photosynthesis took place in both test-tube P and test-tube Q. The two test-tubes were maintained at the same temperature. Test-tube P produced 12 bubbles per minute. What is the most likely number of bubbles produced in one minute by test-tube Q? (The distance from the light source to P is $20\,\text{cm}$ and to Q is $10\,\text{cm}$.)

Photosynthesis

In which situation would insulin secretion normally rise?

Hormones

The pie charts illustrate the make-up of $100\,\text{g}$ of four separate foods. Which food gives the greatest amount of energy?

Diet

The diagram illustrates the digestive system. In which part does egestion occur?

Digestive system

The diagram illustrates an experiment carried out at room temperature. A tubing that contains starch, protease, protein and simple sugars is put into distilled water. The membrane allows only small molecules to pass through. What is found in the water outside the membrane after 45 minutes?

Diffusion

The diagram illustrates an experiment used to investigate transpiration. Plant 1 is left uncovered. Plant 2 and its pot are enclosed in a transparent plastic bag. The mass of each plant and its pot is measured. After two hours, the masses are measured once more. What is the result?

Transpiration

The diagram illustrates a vertical slice through a human heart. What are X and Y?

Heart

Which factor raises the risk of developing coronary heart disease?

Diseases and immunity

The body uses several defence mechanisms to guard against disease. Which one is a chemical barrier?

Diseases and immunity

The diagram shows a section of the human gas exchange system. Which row correctly identifies P, Q and R?

Gas exchange in humans

Which option shows an organism that has been given a name using the binomial system?

Concept and uses of classification systems

At what times do green plants carry out respiration?

Respiration

Which process releases the greatest amount of energy from a single molecule of glucose?

Aerobic respiration

The diagram illustrates a simple reflex arc. After the knee is tapped, which sequence of events is correct?

Coordination and response

The diagram shows a person's eye in a brightly lit room. What changes occur to distance P and distance Q when this person goes from the brightly lit room into a dark room?

Sense organs

The diagram shows a leaf viewed in cross-section under the microscope. What are tissues 1, 2 and 3?

Leaf structure

A patient has dye injected into the blood supply of his kidneys. The dye is then seen in his excretory system, as shown. Which part is obstructed?

Excretion in humans

Which organ is responsible for amylase secretion?

Chemical digestion

What is necessary for the germination of every seed?

Sexual reproduction in plants

The diagram illustrates the female reproductive system. In which part does fertilisation usually take place?

Sexual reproduction in humans

The graph illustrates how testosterone production decreases as men age. Which age range has the largest drop in testosterone production?

Sex hormones in humans

The diagram depicts an arthropod. Which group does it belong to?

Concept and uses of classification systems

A man has three sons. What is the probability that his next child will be a daughter?

Chromosomes, genes and proteins

Select the statements that are correct about meiosis.

Meiosis

For a plant species, the allele for red flowers, $R$, is dominant over the allele for white flowers, $r$. Homozygous red-flowered plants, $RR$, are crossed with homozygous white-flowered plants, $rr$. What flower colour will the offspring from this cross have?

Monohybrid inheritance

Organisms vary in their adaptive features. For instance, wind-pollinated flowering plants have anthers on long filaments. Which statement is correct about this adaptive feature?

Adaptive features

The statements outline features of selective breeding and natural selection. Which statement is true only of selective breeding?

Selection

Which diagram shows the correct flow of energy?

Energy flow

The diagram illustrates a food chain. Which organism is the secondary consumer?

Food chains and food webs

Which process forms part of the carbon cycle?

Nutrient cycles

Can you give one example of genetic engineering?

Genetic modification

What might be the possible effects of deforestation?

Habitat destruction

Which features are common to both animal cells and plant cells?

Cell structure

A bloodworm is an organism found in water that is heavily polluted. The diagram illustrates raw sewage entering a river. In which place would the number of bloodworms be lowest?

Pollution

The illustration shows an animal. Refer to the key to identify the animal.

Concept and uses of classification systems

At what level of organisation is a root found?

Characteristics of living organisms

Some potato pieces were put into a highly concentrated sugar solution. Other potato pieces were put into distilled water. What happened to the mass of the potato pieces in the two liquids?

Osmosis

Which option identifies the chemical elements present in proteins?

Biological molecules

A student conducts an experiment to check whether the solution in a test-tube has protein. Which row identifies the correct food test and the result for a positive test?

Biological molecules

The diagrams illustrate a plant at the beginning of an experiment and that same plant after two weeks. Which characteristics of living organisms are shown by this experiment?

Characteristics of living organisms

Which substance is consumed in photosynthesis?

Photosynthesis

The diagram displays a leaf in cross-section as viewed through a microscope. Which tissues are 1, 2 and 3?

Leaf structure

The pie charts illustrate the composition of 100 g portions of four different foods. Which food provides the greatest amount of energy?

Diet

In which section of the alimentary canal is the greatest amount of water absorbed?

Absorption

The diagram depicts an experiment maintained at room temperature. After 45 minutes, what is found in the water around the membrane?

Diffusion

The diagram illustrates a cross-section of a plant root. What is present at Q and R?

Xylem and phloem

The diagram illustrates a vertical cross-section of a human heart. What are X and Y?

Heart

The table gives the concentration of red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets in the blood of four patients. Which patient is most likely to have an iron deficiency in their diet and would have difficulty forming a blood clot?

Blood

$\textit{Campylobacter}$ is a bacterium capable of causing food poisoning. Which term is used to describe $\textit{Campylobacter}$?

Features of organisms

In what order does a molecule of oxygen travel from the air into the blood of a person? 1 bronchiole 2 capillary 3 alveolus wall 4 larynx

Gas exchange in humans

Donkeys and zebras belong to different species. They are able to mate and produce an animal known as a zedonk. Zedonks cannot reproduce. Which statement is correct?

Meiosis

Which process involves releasing heat so that body temperature remains constant?

Homeostasis

Which process releases the greatest amount of energy from a single molecule of glucose?

Aerobic respiration

The diagram illustrates a simple reflex arc. After the knee is tapped, what is the correct sequence of events?

Coordination and response

When a bright light is directed into the eye, the diameter of the pupil decreases. What is this an example of?

Coordination and response

The diagram illustrates a seedling attached to a rotating platform. Light is shone from only one side. The platform was left to rotate for two days. It was then kept still for another two days. Which diagram shows how the seedling looks after this four-day period?

Tropic responses

A dye is injected into the blood supply of a patient’s kidneys. As shown, the dye then appears in his excretory system. Which part is blocked?

Excretion in humans

Which organ is responsible for the breakdown of alcohol?

Excretion in humans

The diagram illustrates reproduction in a potato plant. Which process is being shown?

Asexual reproduction

The diagram shows part of a flower. In which part does fertilisation take place, and where are the ovules and pollen grains located?

Sexual reproduction in plants

Which birth-control method acts as a barrier against sperm and sexually transmitted diseases during sexual intercourse?

Sexually transmitted infections

Which characteristic is found only in birds?

Features of organisms

The diagram depicts a plant cell. In which part are the chromosomes located?

Cell structure

Which statement best describes human cells produced by meiosis?

Meiosis

Pea plants carry two alleles for height. T stands for tall, while t stands for short. Two heterozygous pea plants, Tt, are crossed. What phenotypic ratio will the offspring from this cross show?

Monohybrid inheritance

The graph displays human heights. Which statement is correct?

Variation

What does the term mutation mean?

Chromosomes, genes and proteins

Consumers obtain carbon atoms from the food they eat. By what route do carbon atoms exit the consumers?

Aerobic respiration

Which process forms part of the water cycle?

Nutrient cycles

A gene for insulin is removed from a human cell and inserted into a bacterium. The bacterium is then able to produce human insulin. What is this process known as?

Genetic modification

A few examples of how land areas can be used are given below. Which land uses would result in habitat destruction?

Habitat destruction

What effects might deforestation have?

Habitat destruction

What features are common to both animal cells and plant cells?

Cell structure

A bloodworm is an organism that lives in water with severe pollution. The diagram shows a river into which raw sewage is discharged. In which location would bloodworms be least abundant?

Pollution

The diagram depicts an animal. Use the key to work out which animal it is.

Concept and uses of classification systems

At what level of organisation is a root found?

Features of organisms

Which process needs energy supplied by respiration?

Active transport

Which option lists the chemical elements present in proteins?

Biological molecules

Enzyme X digests protein in the stomach. Four test-tubes were arranged, and each one contained equal amounts of protein and enzyme X. The test-tubes were maintained at different pH and temperature levels, as shown in the table. In which test-tube will protein digestion be fastest?

Enzymes