Physics 9702 · AS & A Level · Radioactive decay

Radioactive decay — practice question

Phosphorus-33, $^{33}_{15}\text{P}$, decays by $\beta$-emission into stable sulfur-33, $^{33}_{16}\text{S}$. Its half-life is $24.8\,\text{days}$.
(a(i))[2]

Define radioactive half-life.

(a(ii))[1]

Show that the decay constant for phosphorus-33 is $3.23 \times 10^{-7}\,\text{s}^{-1}$.

(b(i))[2]

A pure sample of phosphorus-33 starts with an activity of $3.7 \times 10^{6}\,\text{Bq}$. Calculate the initial number of phosphorus-33 nuclei in the sample.

(b(ii))[2]

Calculate how many phosphorus-33 nuclei remain in the sample after $30\,\text{days}$.

(c)[2]

Once $30\,\text{days}$ have passed, the sample in (b) contains phosphorus-33 and sulfur-33 nuclei. Use your answers in (b) to calculate the ratio $$\frac{\text{number of phosphorus-33 nuclei after 30 days}}{\text{number of sulfur-33 nuclei after 30 days}}.$$

Worked solution & mark scheme

This 9-mark question has a full step-by-step worked solution and mark scheme. One marking point: Time taken for the activity or the number of nuclei to fall by half (half-life)

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