(a(i))[2]
Calculate, in terms of the incident intensity $I_0$ of the X-ray beam, the intensity after the beam has passed through $2.8\,\text{cm}$ of soft tissue.
(a(ii))[2]
Calculate, in terms of the incident intensity $I_0$ of the X-ray beam, the intensity after the beam has passed through the bone and soft tissue, as shown in Fig. 12.1.
(b(i))[2]
State what is meant by the contrast of an X-ray image.
(b(ii))[1]
By reference to your answers in (a), suggest whether the X-ray image of the model has good contrast.