Physics 9702 · AS & A Level · Mass defect and nuclear binding energy

Mass defect and nuclear binding energy — practice question

The deuterium nucleus $^{2}_{1}\text{H}$ has a mass defect of $0.002388\,\text{u}$. The helium-4 nucleus $^{4}_{2}\text{He}$ has a mass defect of $0.030377\,\text{u}$. In this nuclear reaction, deuterium produces helium-4 according to $$3\,^{2}_{1}\text{H} \rightarrow \,^{4}_{2}\text{He} + \,^{1}_{1}\text{p} + \,^{1}_{0}\text{n}.$$
(a(i))[1]

State the name of the nuclear reaction shown.

(a(ii))[3]

Show that the energy released when one helium-4 nucleus is produced from deuterium is $3.47 \times 10^{-12}\,\text{J}$.

(b)

A star has a radius of $6.96 \times 10^{8}\,\text{m}$. Within this star, helium-4 is generated from deuterium at a mass rate of $7.34 \times 10^{11}\,\text{kg s}^{-1}$. Every bit of the energy released by this process is radiated away from the star. The star’s radiated energy comes entirely from this process.

(b(i))[3]

Calculate the star’s luminosity.

(b(ii))[2]

Use your answer from (b)(i) to find the surface temperature of the star.

Worked solution & mark scheme

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