(a)[1]
State what is meant by a field line (line of force) in an electric field.
(b)[1]
An electric field is divided into regions $X$ and $Y$. The field strength in $X$ is lower than in $Y$. Describe one difference between the field-line pattern (lines of force) in $X$ and in $Y$.
(c(i))[3]
Particle $P$ and an $\alpha$-particle are both in the same uniform electric field. Calculate the ratio $\dfrac{\text{magnitude of acceleration of particle } P}{\text{magnitude of acceleration of } \alpha\text{-particle}}$.
(c(ii))[3]
Particle $P$ is a hadron made up of only two quarks. One of these is a down ($d$) quark. Using charge, determine a possible flavour for the other quark. Show your working.