(a)[3]
Use the photon model of electromagnetic radiation to explain how the appearance of spectral lines in the emission spectrum shows that electron energy levels in the hydrogen atom are discrete.
(b(i))[1]
The ground-state energy (level $n = 1$) of a hydrogen atom is $-13.6\,\text{eV}$. Calculate the energy, in J, of the ground state.
(b(ii))[2]
Show that the energy difference between levels $n = 1$ and $n = 2$ is $10.2\,\text{eV}$.
(b(iii))[4]
Complete Table 8.1 to show the energy differences from the ground state, together with the energies of the levels up to $n = 4$, in the hydrogen atom. Use the space for any working.