(a)[2]
Find the total number of distinct arrangements of the $11$ letters in the word CATERPILLAR.
(b)[4]
Find the total number of distinct arrangements of the $11$ letters in the word CATERPILLAR with an $R$ at the start and an $R$ at the end, and with the two $A$s not together.
(c)[4]
Find the total number of distinct selections of $6$ letters from the $11$ letters of the word CATERPILLAR that include both Rs and at least one A and at least one L.