(a)[2]
Using the information, explain the predicted effect of the development of super-airlines on the concentration ratio in the European airline market.
(b)[5]
‘Large airlines gain from economies of scale.’ With the use of an example and a diagram, explain how a large airline can gain from economies of scale.
(c)[6]
Explain what a contestable market means and discuss how making the airline market more contestable could benefit passengers.
(d)[7]
Identify the market structure for airlines in Europe in 2019 after the development of the super-airlines and discuss how airlines may compete in this market structure.