(a(i))
Write the equation that shows how nitronium ions, $\text{NO}_2^+$, are produced by this route.
(a(ii))[4]
Finish the reaction scheme to display the mechanism for this reaction. Curly arrows should be used to indicate the movement of electron pairs.
(b(i))
Describe and explain how the acidities of chloroethanoic acid and ethanoic acid compare.
(b(ii))[3]
Describe and explain how the acidities of phenol and ethanol compare.
(c)[6]
Phenyl 2-hydroxybenzoate acts as an antiseptic. Complete the table below for its reactions with the three reagents: Na, excess $\text{Br}_2\text{(aq)}$, and excess hot $\text{NaOH(aq)}$. For each reagent, state the product structure(s) and the reaction type.