(a)[3]
State the comparative acidities of benzoic acid, $\text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{COOH}$, ethanol, $\text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{OH}$, and phenol, $\text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{OH}$, in aqueous solution. Explain your answer.
(b)[2]
Draw the major products formed when benzoic acid and phenol undergo nitration in the boxes in Fig. 7.1. The molecular formula for each major product is already shown in the boxes.
(c(i))[1]
Give the systematic name of ester W.
(c(ii))[4]
Complete the mechanism in Fig. 7.3 for the reaction between $\text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{COCl}$ and ethanol. R-OH stands for ethanol. Include all relevant lone pairs of electrons, curly arrows, charges and partial charges.
(c(iii))[1]
Name the mechanism for the reaction shown in Fig. 7.3.