Fill in the table below to show how many of each particle are present in $^{14}\text{C}^{2-}$.
Describe what you would observe, if anything, when each of the following chlorides reacts with water. Give equations for any reaction that takes place: $\text{CCl}_4$, $\text{GeCl}_4$, $\text{SnCl}_4$.
Suggest why there is any difference in the reactivities of the chlorides in (b).
Use the Data Booklet values to explain why aqueous $\text{SnCl}_2$ reacts with $\text{Cl}_2(g)$, whereas aqueous $\text{PbCl}_2$ does not. Write an equation for this reaction.
State how the Faraday constant is related to the Avogadro constant.
When a current of $1.2\,\text{A}$ was passed through dilute sulfuric acid for $30$ minutes, it was found that $130\,\text{cm}^3$ of oxygen, measured at $25^{\circ}\text{C}$ and $1\,\text{atm}$, was collected at the anode. The following reaction occurs: $2\text{H}_2\text{O}(l) \rightarrow 4\text{H}^+(aq) + \text{O}_2(g) + 4e^-$. Use these data and information from the Data Booklet to calculate a value for the Avogadro constant, $L$, by finding: • the number of moles of oxygen produced, • the number of moles of electrons needed for this, • the number of coulombs passed, • the number of electrons passed, • the number of electrons in one mole of electrons ($L$).