Proteins have three ‘levels’ of bonding: primary, secondary and tertiary. Fill in the table to show which level of bonding is responsible for each of the following features: • formation of $\alpha$-helix • formation of disulfide bonds • formation of ionic bonds • linking amino acids
The diagram shows part of a DNA molecule. Look at the diagram and write the correct names for the blocks labelled $J$, $K$, $L$ and $M$.
What type of bonding keeps the two polymer strands of the DNA molecule together?
Explain why this type of bonding enables the base pairs within the strands to separate during replication at normal body temperature.
In the polymer RNA, the identities of two of the blocks $J$, $K$, $L$ or $M$ are different. For one of these blocks that are different, give its correct name in DNA and in RNA. DNA: __________ RNA: __________