Suggest the reagent(s) and conditions for reaction 1.
Name the reaction mechanism for reaction 2.
Give the observation you would make when 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine is added to $P$.
$Q$ does not show optical isomerism. Explain why.
When $Q$ is heated with excess aqueous ethanoic acid in the presence of a catalytic amount of sulfuric acid, two reactions take place to form compound $R$. Identify the two types of reaction that occur.
Calculate the mass of nitroglycerine that decomposes, given that $4\text{C}_3\text{H}_5\text{N}_3\text{O}_9(l) \rightarrow 12\text{CO}_2(g) + 10\text{H}_2\text{O}(g) + 6\text{N}_2(g) + \text{O}_2(g)$ and that $1.06\ \text{dm}^3$ of $\text{O}_2(g)$ is released at $850\ \text{K}$ and $1.00 \times 10^5\ \text{Pa}$.
Calculate the total volume of gas released by this decomposition at $850\ \text{K}$ and $1.00 \times 10^5\ \text{Pa}$.
Give the molecular formula of 4-pentenoic acid.
Draw the repeat unit of the addition polymer that can be formed from 4-pentenoic acid.
Complete the mechanism for the addition of $\text{Br}_2$ to 4-pentenoic acid. Include the structures of the intermediate and the product of the reaction. Include all charges, partial charges, lone pairs and curly arrows. In the mechanism, R has been used to represent $(\text{CH}_2)_2\text{COOH$.
T is one of a pair of geometrical ($cis$-$trans$) isomers. Draw the other geometrical isomer of T and explain why the molecules exhibit this form of isomerism.
Identify the reagent used to convert T to U.
The C-Br bond has an absorption between $500\,\text{cm}^{-1}$ and $600\,\text{cm}^{-1}$ in an infrared spectrum. The infrared spectra for both T and U have absorptions between $2850\,\text{cm}^{-1}$ and $2950\,\text{cm}^{-1}$. These correspond to C-H bonds. Identify: • two other absorptions that would be seen in the infrared spectra of both T and U • one other absorption that would be seen only in the infrared spectrum of T. For each absorption, give the range of the absorption and the bonds that correspond to these absorptions.
Identify: • two other absorptions that would be seen in the infrared spectra of both T and U; • one other absorption that would be seen only in the infrared spectrum of T. For each absorption, give the range of the absorption and the bonds that correspond to these absorptions.