(a)[2]
An aqueous solution of phenol, $\text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{OH}$, is acidic at $298\text{ K}$. Explain why phenol is more acidic than water.
(b(i))[1]
Name the two substances formed when phenol reacts with an excess of $\text{Br}_2\text{(aq)}$.
(b(ii))[1]
Draw the structures of the two isomeric organic products, with $M_r = 139$, that are produced when phenol reacts with $ ext{HNO}_3\text{(aq)}$ at room temperature.
(b(iii))[1]
Write the equation for the reaction between phenol, $\text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{OH}$, and sodium metal.
(c)[2]
Phenol can be made from phenylamine in a two-step synthesis: phenylamine $\rightarrow$ intermediate compound $\rightarrow$ phenol. Describe the reagents and conditions required in each stage.