(a)[2]
An aqueous solution of phenol, $\text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{OH}$, is acidic at $298\,\text{K}$. Explain why phenol has a greater acidity than water.
(b(i))[1]
Name the two products obtained when phenol reacts with excess of $\text{Br}_2\text{(aq)}$.
(b(ii))[1]
Draw the structures of the two isomeric organic products, with $M_r = 139$, that are made when phenol reacts with $\text{HNO}_3\text{(aq)}$ at room temperature.
(b(iii))[1]
Write the equation for the reaction between phenol, $\text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{OH}$, and sodium metal.
(c)[2]
Phenol can be made from phenylamine in a two-step synthesis. Describe the reagents and conditions needed for each stage. Step one: phenylamine $\rightarrow$ intermediate compound Step two: intermediate compound $\rightarrow$ phenol