Suggest two different substances that react with phenol to form potassium phenoxide, $\text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{O}^-\text{K}^+$. State the second product produced in each reaction. substance ............. second product ............. substance ............. second product .............
On the diagram of Sudan I above, circle the bond or bonds that make this substance a dyestuff.
Describe how Sudan I can be prepared from phenylamine and 2-naphthol as the organic starting materials.
Describe the conditions used to nitrate phenol. Explain how these conditions indicate that phenol is more reactive than benzene.
Suggest why phenol is more reactive than benzene.
Complete the mechanism for the nitration of phenol to make 2-nitrophenol. You should assume that the mechanism is the same as the one for benzene nitration. Include every relevant charge and curly arrow to show how the electron pairs move. Draw the intermediate structure. You do not need to draw the products.
Name the isomer of 2-nitrophenol that is also a major product of this reaction.