A set of experiments is done in which the reagent at the top of the table column is, in turn, combined with each reagent listed at the side. Complete the table by writing the formula of any gas produced in each box. Put x in the box when no gas is produced. The first column has already been completed as an example.
HCl is the only by-product made in step 1. State the reagent used with phenol to form compound A.
What kind of reaction is shown in step 2?
Which reagents and conditions are needed for step 3?
State the reagent and conditions required to change C back into B, which is the reverse of step 3.
Compound C gives the pleasant apple smell. It may be made from phenol by the 3-step synthesis below.
Either compound A, compound B, or both react with the reagents below. For each reagent, draw the structure of the organic product formed from A and from B. If there is no reaction, put ‘no reaction’ in the relevant box. The reagents are: excess $\text{Br}_2\text{(aq)}$; heat with HBr; pass the vapour over heated $\text{Al}_2\text{O}_3$; heat with acidified $\text{K}_2\text{Cr}_2\text{O}_7$.
Select one of the reactions above that would let you distinguish A from B. State the observations you would expect with each compound.