To which class of compounds do these two hydrocarbons belong?
Write a balanced equation for the complete combustion of butane.
When propane or butane is used for cooking, the saucepan may be coated with a black solid deposit. What is the chemical name of this black solid?
Write a balanced equation for its formation from butane.
Propane and butane have different values of standard enthalpy change of combustion. Define the term standard enthalpy change of combustion.
A $125\,\text{cm}^3$ sample of propane gas, at $20\,^{\circ}\text{C}$ and $101\,\text{kPa}$, was completely burned in air. The heat released caused the temperature of $200\,\text{g}$ of water to rise by $13.8\,^{\circ}\text{C}$. Assume that no heat was lost during the experiment. Use the equation $pV = nRT$ to calculate the mass of propane used.
Use the relevant Data Booklet values to calculate how much heat is released in this experiment.
Use the data above, together with your answers to (i) and (ii), to calculate the energy released when $1\,\text{mol}$ of propane burns.
The boiling points of methane, ethane, propane, and butane are shown below. Suggest an explanation for why the boiling points increase from methane to butane.
The butane isomer, 2-methylpropane, $(\text{CH}_3)_3\text{CH}$, has a boiling point of $261\,\text{K}$. Suggest an explanation for the difference between this value and the value for butane in the table above.